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Adele Wilde-Blavatsky

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When Anti-Racism Becomes Anti-Woman: The 'Privileging' of Race above Gender

Posted: 01/05/2012 00:00

Sadly, I was not surprised to read that brave Egyptian-American activist and writer, Mona Eltahawy faced a barrage of vitriolic abuse this week after the publication of her brilliant article 'Why do they Hate Us?'. Eltahawy's article (shock, horror) dared to criticise the worst excesses of patriarchal violence and misogyny so prevalent in the Middle East.

Only a couple of weeks ago, I had a similar experience. As editorial collective member of The Feminist Wire(TFW), I wrote and published : 'To be Anti-Racist is to be Feminist: the Hoodie and the Hijab are not Equals'. The article, which was in the hands of four TFW collective members before publication and was approved of as 'excellent' by two, generated not only a huge amount of online debate but also abuse in terms of my skin colour (white), character (non-Muslim) and motivation (imperialism). I was called a "racist" and "white imperialist" and was even accused of using the 'ties' of my mixed-race family to "obfuscate my whiteness." For what did I deserve this abuse? For questioning the hijab, not only in relation to majority of women who are forced to wear it, but also those women who have the privilege of 'choice'. For saying that the main parallel that can be drawn between the recent US murders of Trayvon Martin and Shaima Alawadi (if any can be drawn at all) are that they were both the result of a global culture and celebration of male violence and patriarchy. And for claiming that a hijab cannot be compared to hoodie in terms of its origin and symbolism.

Subsequently, The Feminist Wire collective (panicking in the face of hostility from their own members) published a response from 77 North American feminists. This response not only misrepresented and undermined my article but also my credibility as an author. The online debate that ensued was equally aggressive and unpleasant.

Although, some women (of colour and Muslim) defended my article and condemned the collective response as a 'pile-on', such women were either ignored or patronisingly told to read Audre Lorde. Thus making it clear that, according to their feminist ideology, whatever your skin colour or religion if you criticised the hijab you were a racist, imperialist Islamaphobe or an "ignorant hack" (as one woman politely put it).

Shortly afterwards, I was kicked out of TFW and both articles were deleted, citing 'an appeal to legal action' - TFW's founder initiating the threat of legal action. Thus, sending out a strong message that women who criticise the hijab (even though I also criticised the pressure to have breast implants) will be bullied and shamed into silence. It was something straight out of Stalinist or fascist state.

Thankfully, several feminists from Pakistan, Algeria, Senegal, Iran and the US, led by Maryam Namazie, picked up on it before it was removed and delivered their own response:


We extend our full solidarity to Adele Wilde-Blavatsky for such a clear and rare analysis from feminists in Europe and North America, in which women's resistance to the Muslim Right -including by resisting all forms of fundamentalist veiling - is made visible and honoured, rather than sacrificed on the altar of anti racism and anti imperialism.

Ophelia Benson, an atheist feminist from the US, also attacked the Feminist Wire response as "dishonest" and "patronising."

This is not some 'woe is me' tale or attempt at self-promotion. This is a defence of freedom of expression and a deep concern about where the logic of TFW debate takes us: into a black hole of cultural relativism. I have never stated that race and Islamaphobia do not play a role in hatred of the hijab. I have also never denied that the colour of a person's skin is a factor in racism either.

Has the anti-racist debate really become so closed-minded, divisive and fearful? That a white person cannot question any practice or ideology, if it is prevalent amongst people of colour? Does that mean to criticise porn one has to be a porn star? To criticise rape one has to have been raped? This is not to deny the power and authenticity of those with direct experience either. But since when did skin colour and first-hand experience become a barrier to critiquing something? And vice-versa, surely that means that women of colour cannot then critique 'white culture', whatever that might be? Which of course would be ridiculous.

The 'excuse-making of cultural relativism' and the politically correct face of anti-racism is ugly and dangerous. As Lauryn Oates concludes in her eloquent response to Eltahawy's critics:

Without voices like Eltahawy's, those of us on the outside looking in would be able to drown ourselves in the excuse-making of cultural relativism: they like being abused, degraded, violated. Our own society isn't perfect, so how can we criticize? At best, we might give "careful attention" to the most overt forms of misogyny, like FGM. At worst, we might just tell ourselves that the women are choosing it, so let it be.

Whatever our skin colour or religion, we simply cannot let racists, religious maniacs, Islamaphobes and misogynists own this debate on women's clothing and sexuality. We should not shy away from saying something for fear they might agree with us either. The basic human rights of women and girls are not relative to culture but are universal human values. Whether a choice is made freely or not, we still have a right to critique it, especially if that 'choice' harms or disproportionately affects females. I return to Fadela Amara's words, such people:

..define liberty and equality according to what colour your skin is. They won't denounce forced marriages or female genital mutilation, because, they say, it's tradition. It's nothing more than neocolonialism. It's not tradition, it's archaic.
 

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23:59 on 27/05/2012
Just look at the data points, what nations are the worst places for women to live? By most metrics, there is a lot of overlap between Muslim-majority nations and oppression of women (Pakistan, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, etc.) Though, there are non-Muslim nations that I wouldn't want to live in as a woman either - Papua New Guinea, Congo, etc. The main differentiator seems to be that there are almost no countries with a 75% plus Muslim majority where women have substantial rights and economic opportunities independently of men (maybe Albania as an exception).

Another important point to note is that Islam claims to be the perfect word of the creator of the Universe but utterly fails to effect equality for women. Congo may be a failure, but the Congolese rape gangs aren't claiming a divine mandate that applies universally to all of humanity.
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JackieSmith890
10:13 on 21/05/2012
the middle east is backwards because of islam. islam is the most woman hating ideology on the planet. that has nothing to do with race.

wake up, people.
15:22 on 06/05/2012
Good points, tradition has long been an excuse to force people's wills upon others and often that tradition is made more just by adding religion. Everyone deserves the choice to live freely without having to run the gauntlet of abuse and fear. Its sad that many will stay in their roles because they don't know any better or are afraid as they don't have anything else. As for racism, dislike people for their actions not what they are.
A point that many don't bother with because its considered 'normal' is male genital mutilation or circumcision. I don't hear much outcry at babies not given the choice with this all I hear are poor excuses to have it done.
19:33 on 05/05/2012
“It was never the people who complained of the universality of human rights, nor did the people consider human rights as a Western or Northern imposition. It was often their leaders who did so.” Kofi Annan
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SGillLondonUK
DEMOCRACY DOES NOT EXIST.
23:33 on 07/05/2012
Human rights are a human issue.
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Adele Wilde-Blavatsky
17:50 on 05/05/2012
Please now see my longer unpublished response to The Feminist Wire Collective's response, kindly published on Butterflies and Wheels http://www.butterfliesandwheels.org/2012/the-feminist-wire-censorship-an-unpublished-response/
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SGillLondonUK
DEMOCRACY DOES NOT EXIST.
23:38 on 07/05/2012
Whilst i share your views, i am wordering why you excluded other forms of discrimination. The reason i ask, is because whilst, yes there is sexism, and there is racism, what about homophobia? The discrimination faced by the gay community is constantly ignored or overlooked. And whilst i am not saying one group is more important than the other, its the gay community that faces discrimination in every part of the world. A lot of countries still refuse gay people the right to marry, some countries refuse the right of gay people to exist with many countries who consider homosexuality to be punishable by prison or capital punishment. How many women were sent to prison for being female? how many Black men faced a firing squad because their skin were different?
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Shreen Ayob
10:11 on 10/05/2012
I think you're onto something here.

Most forms of prejudice have the same root causes, which for me is social conditioning. And yes, religion is a big part of that, but we must be able to have open discussions about it without people trying to shut us down. This article isn't perfect but it highlights this barrier we face.
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Abdul-Halim Vazquez
19:45 on 03/05/2012
Can we agree without trying to silence anyone that thoughtful criticisms are better than unthoughtful criticisms and we ought to be careful that criticisms of racism or ethnic prejudice don't support sexism... and criticisms of sexism don't support racism or ethnic prejudice? I mean, this is a really old trap. Why is it so hard to walk and chew gum at the same time?
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SGillLondonUK
DEMOCRACY DOES NOT EXIST.
15:06 on 10/05/2012
I think that the seperation of sexism and racism, and other forms of discrimination are an example of divide and conquer.
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21:42 on 02/05/2012
Just imagine the Islamic world embracing the idea that gender is merely a social construct, and that it should be done away with! I submit that 2nd wave feminism can only thrive where religion and culture have become weakened or transcended. I do not think they have the cultural flexibility even for democracy. Perhaps in another few centuries this may change, but anything less than 400 or 500 years is just too soon. ;)
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DaveJohnWard
21:09 on 02/05/2012
As a white, european, middle class male, baptised in the Christian faith (though by no means practicing), I'm guessing I'm not supposed to enter this debate, but what the heck. Freedom of speech means being allowed to express your opinions, and allowing others to agree or disagree as they see fit.
The amount of pain, fear and discrimination generated in the name of religion over the centuries should be a source of great shame to the proponants of the different faiths. All claim to be different, yet all follow the same path and chant the same mantra "I'm right, you're wrong, you must do as I say or I'll harm you for your belief". An argument that has been used to justify racism, sexism, and all manner of other 'isms. Until that changes we'll continue along the same path we've trodden since humans first decided there was a greater power which had to be obeyed.
starjack
astrologer & radical queer muslim activist
17:43 on 02/05/2012
Actually I did find your earlier article to be rather one-dimensional, lacking a nuanced understanding of diverse opinions and actions taken by Muslim women. It is a complex issue, and yes, in many cases veiling is enforced and misogynistic. Examples from Iran are bad enough, from Saudi Arabia and Afghanistan they can be horrifying. But for many Muslim women -- whether in the majority of Muslim countries or in the West it is a choice. I have many Muslim women friends, some veil, some don't, all decide for themselves what to wear and have their own reasons for their choices. And I've seen the same in Morocco, Turkey, Bosnia, and Malaysia. Whether it's a burqa, a bikini or blue jeans, people have their own reasons for wearing what they wear, perhaps a personal sense of devotion, perhaps to stand out visibly as a Muslim, perhaps it's just a bad hair day. As a Muslim I understand the hijab to be utterly unnecessary, let alone the niqab and the burqa, and protest the enforcement of dress codes on women. But many women do choose freely, entirely of their own volition, to cover themselves. How is it feminist to assume -- without clear evidence -- that a woman is not acting of her own agency?
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Adele Wilde-Blavatsky
17:51 on 05/05/2012
Starjack, see my response on this same issue to Ruwayda below.
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Ruwayda Mustafah
Writer
14:01 on 02/05/2012
On what basis do you claim the majority of Hijab-wearing women are forced into it?
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Adele Wilde-Blavatsky
20:10 on 02/05/2012
On the basis that the majority of hijab and burqa wearing women live in patriarchal religious misogynistic dictatorship states. On what basis do you claim the majority are not forced to wear these items of clothing?
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Ruwayda Mustafah
Writer
00:33 on 03/05/2012
I did not make any claims. I simply asked on what basis you make a gross-generalisation about Muslim women in Middle east and Africa. In claiming that the majority are forced into it, you in effect belittle them as free agents, with the intellectual ability to make meaningful choices in what attire they choose to adorn themselves in.

I live in Southern Kurdistan, and in London. Southern Kurdistan (which is recognised internationally as North Iraq), is patriarchal but it has not hindered me (and other women) from being able to make an autonomous choice in terms of how we dress.

Significant number of European Muslim women cover their head, and some wear Niqab, and they don't live under misogynistic dictatorships, so once again your line of logic demeans Muslim women - through generalising.

Note: I do acknowledge, and understand that there are women who are pressurised, and even forced to dress a certain way, but just because that happens it does not necessitate that we are all forced.
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21:53 on 02/05/2012
It need not be as unsubtle as a taliban mujahideen pouring acid in your face. The bias built into the millenia long male-dominated society set powerful internal psychic chains of "right" and "wrong" behavior and dress codes. True, subtle is not always easy to recognize, let alone grasp. Moreover, any free thought or discourse is easy to interpret as existential threat. Rest assured knowing people are still stoned for such indiscretion! ;)
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DAreisait
Democracy is discussion, dissent, and debate!
08:30 on 02/05/2012
Adele, you are being targeted by minority activists with big mouths who will use all the 'isms' and 'obias' attack on free speech. Remember they do not represent society, only a fraction of closed minded individuals. Unfortunately they are mis-represented in Parliament and we are governed by politically correct, elf n safety, jobsworth individuals. Don't be frightened of being called a 'racist, or ism or obia' because it means you are striking a chord with these nutters and your readership will increase because of your challenging articles. There is a silent majority.
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Shreen Ayob
13:36 on 02/05/2012
Seconded. Even I've been called a racist for pointing out misogyny in Middle Eastern cultures. I'm Kurdish FFS.
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Shreen Ayob
09:15 on 03/05/2012
Just to add to that: I think calling someone a racist in this context is far too reactionary a response to be taken seriously (hence my comment above).

But that's not to say there is some element of misunderstanding or ignorance about the way some people view the lifestyles of women in other cultures. Is wearing the hijab anymore a socialised choice than the decision to wear achingly painful high heels? Perhaps the meme of Middle Eastern women as victims is getting boring and this is the backlash.
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21:47 on 01/05/2012
To all those criticizing Adele's article you are missing the point! You might disagree with her point of view but disagreement calls for dialogue not abuse! Also, I find it somewhat disturbing that they have made assumptions about the author without even making an effort to get to know her. So on the same basis is it fair for me to stereotype these women, especially Muslim women who are critical of Adele? I mean are Muslim women who have access to the interest, an excellent command over English and have the freedom to express their voices, really the true voice of a Muslim women in say rural Pakistan where a woman doesn't even have access to primary education let alone the internet! It is so sad that we decide to put ourselves in boxes and not give ourselves a chance to think outside the box. I agree with cultural relativism and I see why people support it. However, do we have to be rigid about it? Yes, hijab might very well be a choice for some Muslim women, who see it as a symbol of fight against a push for cultural uniformity based on western imperialistic ideas, but for other women hijab is a symbol of oppression that was imposed on her by a ruthless patriarchal society. From what I hear in this forum, the sufferings of these women should be subjugated in the name of cultural relativism! That is for a lack of better words silly and idiotic!
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21:15 on 01/05/2012
aadsd
19:23 on 01/05/2012
Love it. As a feminist of color, I cannot thank you enough for this article.
18:12 on 01/05/2012
Disciminating against White men is being reported by the media as " Positive Discrimination ".. For the Government to set targets for Managers and Directors of companies to be Women is patronizing to Womens rights and discriminating towards men, the best person for the job should get the job regardless of gender.
As for racism it does seem that the media only reports non-whites as victims of racism when Whites can and are victims too.