2013-05-23T04:23:51-04:00 Henryk Frystacki, Ph.D http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/author/index.php?author=henryk-frystacki-phd Copyright 2008, HuffingtonPost.com, Inc. HuffingtonPost Blogger Feed for Henryk Frystacki, Ph.D Good old fashioned elbow grease. tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2013:/theblog//3.2858709 2013-03-12T07:00:37-04:00 2013-05-12T05:12:01-04:00

Henryk Frystacki, Ph.D http://www.huffingtonpost.com/henryk-frystacki-phd/ Stargate technology that would allow us to travel from one point in the universe to another at an instant. However, the effect leads to the discovery of at least one additional fifth dimension on top of Einstein's four space-time dimensions length, height, width and time.

Many renowned scientists around the world are eagerly expecting an imminent proof of the existence of one or even more additional dimensions of the universe. The forthcoming confirmation of additional dimensions will change everything in physics; quantum information and perhaps even some kind of exotic dark matter travels along additional dimensions at an instant. With such a proof, the speed of light turns out to be an invincible barrier of nothing more than a so far only incompletely described world with four dimensions.

Quantum teleportation is the transfer of quantum information units, so called qubits, from one point in our universe to another, without traversing the intervening space. The polarization of photons (horizontal or vertical) and the orientation of particle spins (up or down) are examples for such qubits. Quantum teleportation is based on the experimentally proven peculiarity of quantum entanglement.

Quantum entanglement is a phenomenon where two elementary particles become intertwined and behave as one single system, regardless if they are close to each other or light years apart. In case of entangled photons, the measurement of a horizontal polarization of one photon will cause the measurement of a vertical polarization of the other entangled photon.

Entangled photons can be simply generated by optical crystals or half-silvered mirrors: A photon with high energy is split into a pair of entangled photons, one transmitted through the medium and the other reflected. Both photons travel at the speed of light. Certain atoms can be stimulated by lasers in such a way that they emit pairs of entangled photons.

The following short and simple excursion through quantum mechanics is helpful to better understand the principle of quantum entanglement and quantum teleportation.

Classical physics describes the current state of motion of a particle by two independent data, namely its location and its speed. According to quantum mechanics, the situation is somewhat different: Location or velocity can be determined individually with nearly any degree of accuracy, as long as an evaluating person is only interested in the accurate measurement of one physical quantity. Both quantities cannot be measured with unlimited high accuracy at the same time. We cannot even assume that both have precise values at any instant.

Multiplying the uncertainty range ∆x of a particle's location with the impulse uncertainty range ∆p of the product (velocity x mass), the derived product (∆p x ∆x) will be never smaller than a fixed constant of nature, called the elementary quantum of action.

This means that the exact location of an electron, just for example, is not precisely readable along one complete centimeter, in case the velocity of the electron was measured extremely accurately as one centimeter per second.

Additionally, only the type of experimental measurement proves the electron either to be a particle or a wave. This is valid for any photon and any other elementary particle as well. Both evaluations are in complete contradiction. Scientists speak of the duality of particles and waves. That all sounds very strange but nature behaves exactly this way, so far without any plausible explanation. It is the biggest challenge of this 21st century to develop a model that combines classical physics and the uncertainties and probabilities of quantum physics without any contradiction.

Rotational symmetry of Einstein's space-time, introducing not only positive but also negative values for lengths, height and width, and even backward movement of time, is one of such models. The negative directions of time and space do not appear with negative values in our observation environment but show altered physical properties: time stagnation, functional inversion or extremely accelerated processes.

Such accelerated processes may appear for example as different kinds of particle spins or simultaneous appearances of one and the same particle in two different locations. Any extreme acceleration of processes in relation to our perception of time progress leads to a quantized superposition of a nearly infinite number of images that shape our registration of nature, space and masses within. The actual observations of these continuously repeated reduced four-dimensional images (three of space and one for time) cause interferences in our seeming space-time continuum, determining the outcome of each measurement individually, i.e. the observation of a particle, or a wave, or even double images of particles at completely different locations.

The extreme acceleration of processes in relation to our perceivable time progress can be considered as the contribution of a fifth dimension, on top of Einstein's four dimensions. Because of this extreme acceleration, any point in our universe can be reached at any instant. This way, everything across the universe is connected with each other until it is observed, thus making it an irretrievable event of the past.

All known types of masses can be considered to travel with the speed of light on this fifth dimension, because they acquired relative speed of light during their individual generation processes. Therefore, our time came nearly to a standstill in relation to the fifth dimension; Einstein's classical physics of relative time dilation for reduced four dimensions merely works the other way round. Therefore, introducing the fifth dimension, classical physics can be still used to grasp all peculiarities of quantum physics within the apparent continuum of space and time.

String theory is another attempt to bring the world of classical physics and quantum physics in line. Scientists spent already more than two decades without coming to feasible and unifying descriptions. The assumption of endless multiple universes are necessary to support the logic of string theory with respect to its leakage concept of gravity between innumerable parallel universes. The repetition sequences of a fifth dimension replace the parallel universes of the string theory by the innumerable superposition of only one and the same universe. Additional dimensions explain gravity in a very simple way by our inverted perception of negative space dimensions and relative backward movement of time. They even provide a feasible concept for hidden areas of the universe's expanding dark energy and the galaxies' stabilizing dark matter.

The research of the experimental entanglement of photons and the teleportation of quantum states has to answer the question, whether it is possible to send messages that arrive instantaneously at the receiver, regardless of the distance, or not.

The current method of quantum teleportation consists of the transmission of a quantum state that is not yet measured, e.g. the horizontal polarization of a photon from a laboratory anywhere to a second remote laboratory. If two photons were entangled, none of these photons has a horizontal or vertical polarization before an actual measurement of the polarization state. However, as soon as the state of one entangled photon is measured, and if it gets through this measurement a horizontal polarization, e.g. caused by the passage through a polarizing filter, the second photon will show a vertical polarization, regardless of how far the two photons are separated in space from each other. Strictly speaking, this only applies to 25% of all measured cases. In 75% of cases, the actual measuring direction of oscillation of the photon in the second laboratory has to be rotated by 180 degrees in order to complete the quantum teleportation successfully.

An information transfer is not possible with this property, because the quantum state has been only fixed by its actual measurement which simultaneously caused the teleportation of the orthogonal polarization state onto the entangled photon. The entanglement of the photons got lost during this procedure. A random sequence of binary numbers of "zeros", for example defining horizontal polarization, and "ones", accordingly defining vertical polarization, can be sent, but information cannot be transmitted and retrieved. Einstein's general theory of relativity for a four-dimensional world, strictly prohibiting information spreading faster than light, still remains valid, at least so far.

Nevertheless, in conjunction with a classical information channel this effect can be used for quantum cryptography: sender and receiver agree via a classical information channel on a data coding, incorporating the random sequences of quantum states into the classical information data. This random sequences of quantum states, horizontal polarizations or vertical polarizations of the photons, are well-known only to the sender and the receiver.

However, investigating the fifth dimension with an extreme acceleration and iterative framing of nature around us thoroughly, will lead to a completely different picture in the near future. At present, we cannot handle nearly infinite quantized repetition sequences that construct every single moment of our time. Innovative technical procedures, based on the well-known effect of relative time dilation, may succeed to stretch the repetition sequences of a fifth dimension in a way that we are able to influence and simultaneously evaluate only one single repetition frame across the complete universe, still before it became an irretrievable event of the past.

The discovery of the fifth dimension changes everything we thought to know about our universe and opens a completely new window for our views on our existence, including the two questions "how" and "why".]]> tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.1941258 2012-10-04T19:47:52-04:00 2012-12-04T05:12:01-05:00

Henryk Frystacki, Ph.D http://www.huffingtonpost.com/henryk-frystacki-phd/ Teleportation and Quantum Teleportation

Teleportation is generally understood as an immediate transfer of matter from one point in our universe to another. This method to travel through space is a speculative theory, only plausible in case of the existence of natural wormholes, i.e. flaws in the regular weave of space-time, connecting points in space that are remote from each other.

The intentional construction of a wormhole would require the mass of billions of suns to fold space by means of gravity in a way that two remote points will coincide. So far, wormhole engineering is a purely theoretical solution of Einstein's space-time equations.

Quantum teleportation describes something different in comparison with teleportation of matter: Quantum teleportation is the transfer of quantum information units, called qubits, from one point in our universe to another, apparently without traversing the intervening space. The polarization of photons (horizontal or vertical) and the orientation of particle spins (up or down) are examples for qubits.

Quantum Entanglement

Quantum entanglement is a phenomenon where two elementary particles become intertwined and behave as one single system, regardless if they are very close to each other, or light years apart. In case of entangled photons, the measurement of a horizontal polarization of one photon will cause the vertical polarization of the other.

Today, polarization is used in 3D-cinemas. One eye gets only horizontally polarized light by special 3D-glasses, the other eye vertically polarized light. Therefore, each eye receives a different picture. Our brain interprets these two different pictures from two adjacent cameras as a 3-D-scenery.

If one person detects a photon with the right eye through such 3D-glasses, another person would see an entangled photon with the left eye. In case the polarization of the first photon suddenly changes, this photon will be then detected by the first person with the left eye and the entangled photon by the second person with the right eye.

World Records in Quantum Teleportation

In May 2012, Chinese engineers and scientists reported a new world record by teleporting qubits of a pair of entangled photons over a distance of about 97 kilometres across a lake. The Chinese team used a laser beam to transmit and detect more than 1,100 entangled photons in four hours.

A few days later, a group of European organizations announced a successful quantum teleportation between two Canary Islands at a distance of about 143 kilometres.

Quantum teleportation relies upon the phenomenon of quantum entanglement. The expression "quantum entanglement" was first used by Erwin Schrödinger in a letter to Albert Einstein, explaining a correlation of quantum states. Albert Einstein called entanglement a "spooky action at a distance", considering it a completely unrealistic mathematical result of quantum theory, because of a seeming information speed far beyond the speed of light, obviously purely demonstrating the incompleteness of the contemporary theory.

However, experiments prove quantum teleportation is possible, opening up discussions about the need to extend the model and interpretations of classical quantum physics.

Production of Entangled Photons

Entangled photons can be simply generated by optical crystals or half-silvered mirrors: A photon with high energy is split into a pair of entangled photons, one transmitted through the medium and the other reflected. Both photons travel at the speed of light. Certain atoms can be stimulated by lasers in such a way that they emit pairs of entangled photons.

Attempt at an Explanation

Entanglement could be the impact of hidden spatial dimensions that connect special points in space and time at any distance and at any time. The modern string theory provides first hints towards the existence of such extra dimensions. Let's assume that during their individual formation processes all types of matter were accelerated up to the speed of light along an additional space dimension. This dimension completes Einstein's four-dimensional space-time construction, defined by length, width, height and time.

The fifth dimension could be called a "strange and barely noticeable depth in space".

It is well-known that formed matter cannot reach the speed of light in relation to other masses anymore, except converted mass energy, like the electromagnetic pulse (EMP) of mass defects of nuclear bombs. However, all masses continue to move at the speed of light on the fifth dimension. Thus the fifth dimension acquired very peculiar features and characteristics. Our visible universe moves like a huge spaceship with all its masses along this strange depth in space at the speed of light.

Looking at a photon at the speed of light, its relative standstill in time and the dramatic impact of a maximum relativistic length contraction, we detect similar features as we do for masses at the speed of light along an assumed fifth dimension. Our three dimensional space shrank to flat planes for any direction of the photon's light path. The photon does not register any length along its way through space. It can be deflected into any spatial direction and, therefore, could reach any point in space without losing time in comparison with the time on our clocks. The universe is undetectable for the photon as long as it does not interfere with matter. Nevertheless, our universe is existent, generating and hosting all of the photons that were produced in the past and that will be produced in the future.

Time on a fifth dimension would run enormously faster, if matter could move along this dimension at the speed of light. Our time would come to a standstill in comparison with the progression of time of this fifth dimension. We could only observe the probabilities of events in our three-dimensional space and along our timeline, with certain repetitive sequences: The quantum mechanical features appear on the classical map of the four-dimensional space-time-continuum and for all masses within.

Let us now add two more dimensions of the same kind as the fifth. The construction of the additional dimensions number five, six and seven are able to connect the entangled photons across the entire universe at an instant. These three dimensions complete a four-dimensional space-time set-up with flat geometries of a completely penetrating quantum background field.

Rotational Symmetry of Dimensions

Scientists drew a simplified four-dimensional space-time grid with straight dimensions, using one classical spatial dimension, the timeline, a relativistic time escape dimension and the assumed fifth dimension. The result was astonishing: Length, time, time escape dimension and the fifth dimension form a rectangular rotational symmetry. This construction is compatible with Einstein's imaginations of space-time relativity and mass impacts and integrates the strange aspects of quantum mechanics.

10 Dimensions of the Theories of Strings

The seven dimensions referred to above can be extended with three time escape dimensions instead of one. These escape-of-time dimensions are necessary and sufficient to give concrete forms to the experimentally proven space-time energy density functions of the general theory of relativity.

The result is 10 dimensions, i.e. four of Einstein's space-time and 6 barely noticeable and seemingly curled up dimensions. Three of those 10 dimensions are subject to a maximum time dilation, causing the noticeable variable energy densities, and another three dimensions remain in hiding because of extreme time acceleration. Using such a model, Einstein's curvatures of space-time continue to cause the seeming gravitational forces between all masses.

These 10 dimensions can be compared with the postulated 10 dimensions of the basic theories of strings. The M-theory of strings introduces a connecting 11th dimension and assumes the existence of countless parallel universes with leakages in between, calling this set-up a multiverse. Gravity of the modern M-theory of strings is the result of such leakages.

Because of the time acceleration of the spatial transfer geometry of qubits, i.e. on dimension number five, six and seven, it may as well turn out that the universe is not a tiny part of a multiverse but subject to the permanent renewal and overlapping of this transfer geometry. Such processes can be captured by the well-known calculations of the quantum mechanical probabilities and uncertainties.

Under these circumstances, any specific type of measurement means another type of interference that may lead to a different measurement result. Therefore, the influence of the dimensions number five, six and seven could explain the mysterious unsolved dualism of wave and particle, describing for example the inconsistent evaluations of light either as a particle stream or a wave, just depending on the specific type of measurement intrusion.

Applications of Entanglement

Today's research mainly investigates the quantum cryptography, concentrating on a secure exchange of information. This method uses the fact that information is directly transferred from point to point and not via a classical transport channel. An interception is impossible as long as new intelligent bugs cannot entangle additional photons with the originally entangled photons.

The transfer process of qubits is subject to the probabilities and uncertainties of quantum mechanics. The speed of entangled photons remains limited to the speed of light.

Innovative femtosecond-spectroscopy revealed complex plant processes, using sunlight efficiently without major heat losses because of a sufficiently stable entanglement of photons in the course of their photosynthesis. Such discoveries start a technological revolution, inspiring the development of quantum computers and a completely new generation of microchips.]]> tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.1657362 2012-07-08T12:48:11-04:00 2012-09-07T05:12:12-04:00

Henryk Frystacki, Ph.D http://www.huffingtonpost.com/henryk-frystacki-phd/
The Higgs quantum field and Higgs bosons are supposed to give elementary particles their inertial and gravitational mass features by spontaneous breaking of electroweak symmetry; a Higgs boson is an excitation of the Higgs quantum background field above its ground state. This background field can be interpreted as a functional part of space-time symmetry.

CERN announced last Wednesday a high probability that a new particle, which they found, was the long-sought Higgs boson. The pending confirmation that it is indeed the Higgs boson would be an important step towards the completion of the current theory of elementary particles. An experimental confirmation of the expected different decays of the Higgs boson and the understanding of the nature of the postulated quantum background field are the next important milestones on the path towards a 'theory of everything'.

The contemporary theory of elementary particles is not easy reading, because each particle is described as energetic excitation with quantum-mechanical aspects. These excitations can appear either as particles or waves, astonishingly depending only on the type of observation.

Quantum physicists handle this remaining inexplicable contradiction by the superposition of several possible states and conditions. There is only a certain probability that one of these states and conditions takes place. The whole of possible states is mathematically expressed by so-called "wave functions". A single result of an observation appears accidentally. This way, quantum physics can predict atomic processes with exceptionally high accuracy.

A 'theory of everything' gets additional input from concepts of rotational symmetry of space-time. Rotational symmetry explains cycles of successive exchange of physical quantities and states, for example the transformation of a space length into time, time into energy density, energy density into time compression and time compression back into a space length.

The peculiarities of quantum physics fit into the overall picture, because of the introduction of time compression, which is an opposite function of time dilation. Relative time dilation and relative time compression have been proved by many experiments.

This compression of processes causes endless iteration sequences of potential events below the event horizon of time, until one solution is selected by the disturbance of wave functions and then realized along the timeline.

All known types of matter cannot break through the speed of light barrier, except in the case of an unintentional or deliberate matter defect. Such a defect generates an electromagnetic pulse (EMP). Time dilation and time compression are supposed to split the EMP into two parts, an accelerated component and a decelerated component, both at the speed of light in relation to our space-time platform of rotational symmetry.

The accelerating expansion of the universe, explained by dark energy, will strongly influence further development of a theory of everything and its symmetry concept. The driving forces of this inflation are postulated scalar fields. Fields of this kind serve as a description of changing symmetries that have their origin in one single type of initial force.

These scalar fields determine the development and also the hierarchy of all forces of nature. Rotational symmetry accommodates the types of scalar fields that are needed to explain the negative pressure and adiabatic nature of dark energy, as well as the quantum background field for the production of the Higgs bosons.]]> tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.1546769 2012-05-25T16:25:24-04:00 2012-07-25T05:12:18-04:00

Henryk Frystacki, Ph.D http://www.huffingtonpost.com/henryk-frystacki-phd/
The real latent risks to life on earth are unpredictable impacts of asteroids and eruptions of super volcanos. Both have struck the Earth in the past and there is a chance that both may threaten life again. Many specialized scientists around the globe look out for early warning signs and started to think about possible countermeasures. It is not yet possible to control such a situation by any means. Today we at best could calculate the impacts and try to minimize the casualties.

A self-made problem is the accelerated process of global warming by the exaggerated output of greenhouse gases. As a consequence the provision of enough drinking water could soon become the major challenges for scientist and engineers. Without drinking water, the mass migration of peoples is unavoidable, provoking political tensions that could culminate in tragedy and misery.

However, there are more forthcoming events that cause risks to life and deserve to be mentioned.

Astronomers expect the Earth's average tilt to increase about 0.4 degrees over the next 10 million years, superimposed on the variation of about 2 degrees by precession and ecliptic, with its mean cycle of 41.000 years. Simulations show this additional impact because of the increasing distance between the earth and the moon. Changes of the tilt influence the climate by changing seasonal temperature differences and the consequences for the polar ice caps, the winds and the oceanic currents. Most of the ice ages of the past presumably have been caused by this change of the tilt.

Strong earthquakes, like in Japan on the 11th of March 2011, can arithmetically shift the Earth's axis by several inches, shortening days by microseconds against the continuous slowing down of Earth's rotation speed, but this has no measurable effects. This rotation speed already varies in the range of milliseconds, merely caused by atmospheric winds and oceanic currents. Therefore, earthquakes cause terrible regional disasters, but have only a negligible influence on our planet's stability overall.

The loss of the Earth's magnetic field would cause a similar critical radiation as permanent strong solar flares into the direction of our planet, much stronger than the recently observed powerful but for Earth harmless eruptions of 6th of March and 16th of April. Intensive sun activities can be expected in spring 2013, because of an irregular 11-year cycle of a magnetic poles reversal, detectable by an increasing number of colder dark sunspots on the sun's photosphere. The sun's magnetic field does not completely disappear during a reversal phase; it is in a state of complete chaos. The dark sunspots are extremely strong local magnetic poles. The Earth's magnetosphere is then hit by strong solar flares, some with enough disruptive power for satellites and terrestrial power grids, and increasingly provoking displays of aurorae by the initiated geomagnetic storms.

The reversal of magnetic poles is a scientifically documented part of our planet's history. These processes occur at random intervals from about 0.1 million years to 50 million years, with an average of about 250.000 years and the tendency of increasing frequency. However, the last reversal occurred about 780.000 years ago, apparently making the start of this process overdue. Currently, the Earth's overall geomagnetic field is becoming weaker, which may be a sign for an approaching reversal process. Research results show a 10-15% decline over the last 150 years, even accelerating in the past few years. The pole reversal approximately needs 4.000 years to 10.000 years, much longer than on the sun. During this phase, Earth is strongly exposed to the solar winds, which probably have caused DNA-mutations in the past as a contribution to the evolution. Scientist will carefully observe all changes of the Earth's geomagnetic field during the next years and elaborate precautions for the long overdue reversal period.

Trying to cope with the scheduled catastrophes, there will be again and again phases when people will have to completely revise contemporary classical views on science, but the majority will not remain in procrastination because of a special scientific reason: all structures in our cosmos show two undisputed aspects: All systems become more and more complex, leading to a wider and wider variety of existence, culminating in the marvelous composition of the human brain. A strong anthropic principle is not derivable, stating that the physical laws of nature compel the universe to develop compatible environments for conscious life. However, the laws and the given constants of nature astonish all scientists because they are perfectly matched to strongly support the further development of intelligent life with the desire to survive. It is not important whether these natural laws and the adjustment of their constants occurred accidentally, or if they turn out to be an inherently fixed feature of nature. The fact is that they are perfectly matched.

An unpredictable and global danger for all species came with the appearance of humans on earth, fighting with innovative lethal weapons for their superior right to stay. The human race probably will continue to stay for many more generations on the verge of self-destruction because of cultivating deliberate death as an accepted political option. This historically developed attitude may fade with the currently developing global consciousness, in case our blue planet can manage to feed and emotionally satisfy 10 and more billion people in near future without collapsing. This sociological issue is as serious as the other latent risks that could strike the human race and challenges scientists and politicians today and in future just as much.]]> tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.1527008 2012-05-18T09:20:19-04:00 2012-07-18T05:12:06-04:00

Henryk Frystacki, Ph.D http://www.huffingtonpost.com/henryk-frystacki-phd/
A tiny little string, about a hundredth of a billionth of a billionth of the size of an atomic nucleus, could form, for example, an electron by its special kind of oscillation. All kinds of particles are unified by a "Super String Theory" because each particle differs only by the oscillation pattern of a string. Even space and time are supposed to be subject to vibrations of strings. The string theory is a breathtaking mathematical approach of highest complexity, but, at least so far, with neither a concrete result for all the existing elementary particles, nor a feasible construction of space-time. One distinctive feature of the string theory is the assumed existence of multidimensional spaces within any single point of space and time. Endless string solutions are the result, by far too many variations to find the suitable ones just by accident. Powerful computers support string scientists to shorten the time towards a feasible result to embrace physics and all wonders of our existence in each of their aspects.

A basic obstacle of string specialists are the insufficient explanations of seemingly clear physical phenomena. Electromagnetism is one example. The effects of electromagnetism are described in great detail by physicists and widely used in daily life by engineers, but the real origins and true nature of electricity and magnetism are undiscovered. Scientists figured out that electricity and magnetism are two sides of the same coin, although they appear with very different features like an electrical particle charge and a magnetic particle spin, indicating an asymmetrical observation with the result of a reciprocal impact in formulas for electromagnetic oscillations. Electrical engineering of electronic oscillation circuits is possible because of the inverted resistances of capacitances and in parallel connected magnetic induction coils; the resistances of electric charge capacitances drop with rising alternating current frequency whereas the resistances of magnetic induction coils increase. Usual electronic circuits use this peculiarity to generate oscillations and radiations. Such electromagnetic waves and particles can be transformed into matter, for example shooting highly energized photons at atomic nuclei to initiate the energy conversion from light, which is an electromagnetic phenomenon, into matter. This process is state of the art and used to produce electrons and positrons in specialized laboratories. This kind of matter generation can be mathematically reformulated by string vibrations and forced string transformations into matter.

The basic theories for elementary particles need getting used to because each material particle is described as a distinguishable excitation state of basic energy strings and areas with quantum mechanical aspects. The classical observations of nature completely fade in the imagination of theoretical physicists, but the quantized approach to all forces and energies of nature challenges these scientists already from the very beginning, looking at a simple electron: Like any photon, any electron either behaves as concentrated particle or as a spreading wave, only depending on the set-up of the experiment. Scientists speak about "the unsolved dualism of wave and particle". Quantum physicists try to handle this inexplicable contradiction by the superposition of several possible states and conditions. There is only a probability that one of these states and conditions actually takes place. The whole of possible states is mathematically expressed by so called wave functions. Any single result of an observation appears accidentally. This way, quantum physics became able to predict atomic processes with extraordinary high precision, fully in accordance with experimental examinations.

Some physicists consider quantum mechanical results to be completely subject to observations. This means that the wave function contains all possible results in an indefinable intermediate state and only the actual observation itself decides upon the selection from possible results. This brings us to the question of necessary repetition sequences to constantly interact with the space-time construction of our perception. A single event cannot be predicted, but many events of the same kind should appear with certain probabilities exactly because of these repetition sequences. The observed system appears to accidentally move on to a new state, never in total chaos, but usually determined by a degree of probability. Repeating such a transition process many times shows different following states, based on a calculable probability. One best example is the decay of atoms: The radioactive decay of a Uranium atom may happen in an instant or only after many millions of years. Its decay is not predictable. The radioactive decay of a certain quantity of Uranium, however, follows proven decay laws of probability.

Accepting these peculiarities of quantum physics, it is possible to calculate the probabilities and whereabouts of events, particles and energy states with astonishingly precise results. The actual measurement causes a seeming collapse of the wave function of probabilities, extracting only one possibility out of the given repetition sequence. The process of measurement and evaluation is considered to represent an active disturbance of this wave function that leads to the then actual and noticeable result. In the phase before the actual measurement, everything still was in a state of uncertainty. The unknown origins of quantum physical aspects of the microcosm lead to the major dilemma today's string physicists are faced with, trying to reformulate classic physics with energy strings and quantum physics. New super gravity approaches introduced one or even more additional dimensions on top of the 10 dimensions of classic string theories, partly not being any more subject to quantum mechanics. Proponents believe that one or more additional dimensions on top of those 10 will open the way to unite all string theories.

This wave function approach seems much more plausible than the alternative interpretation by multiple parallel universes that host all of the possible measurement results, one in each. The latter imaginations describe a complex reality, split into multiple parallel universes. There is no communication facility between these multiple parallel universes and we cannot notice that we follow only one possible path through permanently splitting universes. Nevertheless, this view is another mathematical possibility, beyond all doubt.

Better understanding of all physical disciplines, like electromagnetism, particle physics, nuclear physics, gravitational physics, nonlinear field theory and ultrahigh pressure physics will be the important key to elicit more secrets from nature and to pave the way for the string theory or even a new theory to capture the entire universe with only one picture. Many research centers around the globe work on these fundamental research issues and many more centers are planned.

Practical evidences of the existence of strings will be the ultimate challenge for string scientists, because sooner or later powerful computers will be able to complete the theoretical calculation and to describe a complete universe of strings just by inventing as many dimensions as necessary to capture all processes of nature, including the startling peculiarities of quantum physics, with its uncertainties and probabilities, and culminating in the still unsolved integration of gravitation.

Modern cosmology will strongly influence the further development of the string theory, because of the recently found phenomena of dark energy and dark matter. Attempts of cosmologists to describe cosmic processes few moments after an assumed big-bang led during the past 3 decades to a model of an inflationary universe. Driving force of the inflation are postulated scalar fields. The introduction of such scalar fields follows the unifying theory for elementary particles called Grand Unified Theory, "GUT". Fields of this kind serve in GUTs for a description of changing symmetries that have their origin in one single type of initial force. These fields determine the development of the hierarchy of today's fundamental forces of nature. The existence of these postulated scalar fields could not yet be confirmed experimentally, but a majority of scientists see the early universe filled up with such scalar fields and our cosmos starting with an initial high symmetry and high energy density of scalar fields and heading towards low symmetry and low energy density of scalar fields because of progressive expansion and cooling.

The theoretical transition of a highly symmetrical state of vacuum into an asymmetrical state has one peculiar feature that is different to anything physics could observe and describe so far: the energy density of a vacuum bubble that has been filled up with any of today's known types of matter and energies decreases during the expansion phase of this bubble, whereas the energy density of a symmetry-asymmetry transition vacuum seems to stay constant without a dilution. The pressure within such a transition vacuum equals a negative density. The expansion of the universe means for such a type of vacuum the necessity of a scalar quantity of work against the negative pressure. This implies the gain of energy. Such peculiar characteristics of symmetrical origin and peculiar vacuum towards asymmetry can be combined with the modern string theories. One result is the observable accelerating expansion of the universe against the forces of gravity, i.e. against Einstein's mass caused curvatures of space-time.

Despite the logical fact that any observer throughout the entire universe perceives an own central position, because of looking from any place into any spatial direction the same 13.7 billion years into the past, the universe appears inhomogeneous and asymmetrical. The question comes up, whether this is the true picture or the distorted view from the observer's asymmetrical anchoring in space and time and other rolled up dimensions of the string theory.

Astrophysicists today use sophisticated statistics to interpret the forms and distributions of galaxies, including their average speed through space. The complex processes of gases, birth and death of stars makes it difficult to precisely extract the phenomena of dark matter that keep all galaxies stable. Current computer models use the critical energy density factor 1, applying about 23 percent of energy density contributions by dark matter and about 72 percent of energy density contributions by dark energy, the latter interpreted as a cosmological constant for an accelerating expansion of the universe. String physicists have to integrate these new cosmological aspects into their theory to hopefully come to a meaningful mathematical description of the entire universe.

The String Theory and the Grand Unified Theory get additional valuable impulses from another exciting direction of modern theoretical physics and practical research: Super symmetry concepts for Einstein's space-time and known forms of energies turn the asymmetrical energy distribution picture into a symmetrical set-up. This way it is possible to widen Einstein's four space and time dimensions with opposing, relatively rolled up space-time dimensions and to correctly describe a rotational symmetry for this space-time grid and all energies within. Opposing energy values then astonishingly behave like the inverted resistances of magnetic induction coils versus capacitances of electric oscillation circuits and complete the missing puzzle pieces for strings, dark energy and its postulated scalar energy fields. Relatively rolled up but turned or opposing dimensions, either appear with the relative standstill of time, or with extremely accelerated processes, or reciprocal development. All peculiarities of quantum physics become explicable by the relative acceleration sector and its repetition of energy processes just until one solution is selected by the disturbance of the wave function, realizing the following state.

Wormhole engineering by an innovative kind of space-folding theoretically becomes possible by the use of this rotational symmetry. This is not yet a physical reality, but more than pure science fiction; it is a mathematical possibility. This way, mankind might become able to cover light years across deep space within moments, which might open the gate for a survival on the long run and perhaps to extraterrestrial civilizations. Well-known mathematicians confirm the correctness of the so far purely mathematical concept. Accelerating an evacuation spaceship close to the speed of light and slowing it down for the arrival at any habitable planet seems to be currently the only, certainly extremely difficult, but physically possible solution. This one-sided view of practicable space-travel could completely change within the next decades if the postulated symmetry becomes provable by practical experiments. This cosmic super symmetry is also most important for particle physicists and their currently assumed super symmetrical and weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPS) that are today supposed to form the extensive dark matter halos that stabilize all galaxies throughout the entire universe.

Despite all discoveries in physics and mathematical formulations of nature ahead, one ultimate question will remain: who invented and possibly still pulls all these energy strings that possibly form our universe?]]> tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.1366791 2012-03-20T09:53:55-04:00 2012-05-20T05:12:01-04:00

Henryk Frystacki, Ph.D http://www.huffingtonpost.com/henryk-frystacki-phd/
IGR J17091-3624 is the name of this tiny but powerful cosmic phenomenon. It has been formed by the end-of-life-cycle explosion and then left-over-mass contraction of a sun, surpassing our sun's weight by more than eight times. The wind force reaches the level of super massive black holes that absorbed millions or even billions of comparable sun masses. Therefore, this observation came as a fairly big surprise to all scientists and it was not the only one: Up to 95% of matter in the accretion disc around IGR J17091 is radially blown away by this hurricane and obviously alternating in strength with its firmly focused and for black holes typical plasma jet that leaves nearly at the speed of light into deep space, reaching the length of thousands of light years.

The popular belief of everything consuming black holes needs another revision: Research scientists still speculate about the rotational geometry of magnetic fields and the mass consumption rate of IGR J17091 that may cause its unexpected behavior. Einstein's space-time equations collapse at the event horizons of black holes, the so called Schwarzschild radius, but rotational aspects in Einstein's equations of relativity and energy densities are partly maintained beyond the acknowledged barrier where time comes to a complete standstill in relation to our progressing time. This strange behavior can be simply explained by the functional exchange of physical parameters and leads to the models of a cosmic super symmetry of energies, including stagnation and opposing acceleration aspects of space-time parameters. Scientists around the globe work on different concepts, hoping to derive a Grand Unified Theory (GUT), the "Theory of Everything.

Symmetry and rotational features shape our nature in nearly all its aspects: Revolving electrons with quantum physical probabilities of whereabouts around their atomic nuclei, planets around their suns and planet systems around the core of their galaxies. The incredibly favorable incidence angel of the Mars-sized planet Theia, colliding with Pre-Earth in its early period, is supposed to have significantly supported the formation of our comparatively big moon and Earth's stable axial tilt. Complex life forms, like us humans, most probably would not exist without this cosmic disaster, causing the orbits of these two celestial bodies around each other in the habitable zone around our sun. Their distance increases slowly but continuously because of the ocean tide repercussions, comparable to hammer throwing. Rotation is one basic principle in our universe and mathematicians and economists even introduced calculable rotational principles in their assessment of economic stability, evaluating the circulation of goods, money and many other aspect of society interaction.

Rotational aspects of Einstein's space-time with functional exchange of physical parameters and rotational features of energies complete the picture. We could take a very thin but long glass tube, representing one dimension of three-dimensional space around us, and then look at it with one eye and the other eye closed. Then we turn this tube around. Once the full length of this tube is visible we can further turn it in a way that only one or the other end remains detectable. The length of the entire tube disappears because it turns into the focus axis of this eye, seemingly hiding in one dimension of our three dimensions of space. Remembering now that during Einstein's era time got equal rights as any length of three-dimensional space, we should be able to turn the length of the tube somehow into the direction of a straight or even curved time axis instead of rotating it just into another direction in space. Relative speed in space exactly generates such an effect and any huge aggregation of matter as well. Meanwhile, it is not just a theoretical assumption, but a scientifically proven fact. Super symmetry models turn such "glass tube dimensions" and energy set-ups into alternative and opposing directions, or roll dimensions up and out. One of these geometric solutions, describing the magnetic fields, is supposed to reveal the mystery of the tiny black hole IGR J17091. All feasible solutions are suspected of forming and driving the universe, possibly explaining many more facets of our existence, including the dominating presence of dark energy and dark matter.
]]> tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.1325957 2012-03-07T05:12:39-05:00 2012-05-07T05:12:02-04:00

Henryk Frystacki, Ph.D http://www.huffingtonpost.com/henryk-frystacki-phd/
1. Dr. Frystacki, you have just written a paper on your views on pending evolution. What brought this about?

Together with some other scientists, I am convinced that humans are likely to meet a new kind of evolution leap, once Earth's population exceeds 10 billion, as estimated for the year 2100. This kind of evolution step will differ from any of the previous evolution processes on Earth that were caused by various accidental natural catastrophes and may lead to a new era of human society and common consciousness on Earth. On October 31st of 2011, we officially reached the 7 billion mark of human population. An increase of 3 billion is necessary to pass the critical mass of 10 billion for an evolution of a globally united consciousness of humans on our blue planet.

2. Why would population numbers have anything to do with human evolution?

Considerations and taking of evidences start with the evolution leap that has been caused by the connections of more than 10 billion cells of organisms that brought out the enormous variety of sophisticated life forms. About 500 million years ago, Earth existed already 4 billion years, a profound change of life on Earth happened within the relatively short period of only 50 million years. The appearance and then unbelievable diversification of complex life forms was astonishingly rapid. Therefore, this period has been called the Cambrian explosion. The unknown reasons weighed on Darwin's mind and they still confuse scientists today. Fact is that prior to the Cambrian, life forms on Earth were only small and very simple. The connections of more than 10 billion organic cells then played a major role in the further diversification processes, launching an evolution leap towards very complex and incredibly different life forms on our planet. The number of 10 billion links turned out to be a critical mass for a major evolution leap on Earth, proven again by the development of 10 billion neurons of a cerebral cortex, resulting in the first appearance of a human type of consciousness, giving the possibility to reflect on the existence of the universe and the role that life may play within.

The next evolution leap is already scheduled, once the population on earth exceeds the critical mass of 10 billion. A new era of a group consciousness across all borders of states could be the result that has the potential to develop a new kind of world order, far beyond any of today's imaginations.

However, the prerequisite for such a new kind of group consciousness is the efficient integration of such a quantity of people with revolutionary innovations for a new kind of intelligence, far beyond today's simple applications of the global internet. At the Technical University of Munich, there were already in the late 1970s fascinating studies about a generation of endogenous patterns in the brains of subjects of scientific research. The brains were stimulated by electricity. The subjects reported to perceive exactly the same type of pattern, like various types of circles and squares, independently of their country of origin or language, just depending on the type of electrical stimulation. This exciting experiment showed the possibility to engineer simple forms of group consciousness by electronic means with subjects that have nothing in common, neither their culture, nor their language. The link of 10 billion individuals by more sophisticated intelligence has a huge potential of deep social impacts on mankind. Many engineers and scientists believe in a very near future with a "human cyborg society" in the sense of some electronically linked brain functions. Soldiers are already connected with high-tech information and communication equipment. This military information packet switching technology became the most essential fundament for the development of the internet and the World Wide Web.

Weighing Darwin's evolution theory and lately found impacts of quantum physics against each other leads to another evolution potential. Darwin's basic idea is that minor mutations of genotypes may provide its carrier and descendants with slightly better chances to survive. This effect is supposed to have produced the multifarious scenery of living creatures and plants around us in the course of the last 500 millions of years. The still unanswered question is what actually caused these mutations. Is mutation an integrated feature of the cosmic structure, a so-called anthropic principle, stating that the physical laws of nature compel the universe to develop compatible environments for conscious life, or is mutation caused by copying failures through external accidental impacts of radiation and chemistry? Allowing quantum mechanics to enter the cosmic stage of evolution puts statistics and probabilities on the agenda, far beyond Darwin's imaginations. Reaching a certain point of evolution, different following physical states are possible. The observed system appears to accidentally move on to a new state, never in total chaos, but determined by a degree of probability. Repeating such a transition process many times shows different following states, based on calculable probabilities. The radioactive decay of a Uranium atom may happen in an instant or only after many millions of years. Its decay is actually not predictable. The decay of a certain quantity of Uranium, however, follows undisputed and proven decay laws of probability. Any quantum mechanical system, like any living creature on Earth, on the observation level of its microcosm, has its scope of possibilities, choosing one of these during its existence in space and time. Each and every selection is the realization of one possible configuration. This event is determined by the scope of possibilities and by the selection processes of the past.

Transferring this quantum mechanical principle to the evolution means to permanent grope for new organisms. Organisms that survive open the door to further developments on that stable base. The acceleration function within an extended rotational symmetry of Einstein's spaces-time could be the feeler and the antenna to navigate through an immense variety of change within the given scope of possibilities. We discovered a lot of evidences for this rotational symmetry of Einstein's space-time, with the unavoidable appearance of quantum mechanical phenomena: The rotational symmetry of Einstein's space-time consists of the four classical dimensions for space and equally treated time and introduces one additional dimension for extremely accelerated processes that can be only captured by statistics and probabilities of quantum mechanics. We called this phenomenon "Escape of Time".

This quantum mechanical scope of existence is considerably wider and much more versatile than Darwin's because it does not end with a then easily explicable species-richness of the Cambrian explosion; it covers even consciousness and all other mental faculties of creatures in the universe, with some determination aspects, but an endless variety of solutions, up to our seeming free will of action.

The time acceleration axis of rotational space-time symmetry can explain quantum entanglement of particles and particle features across long distances in space. Quantum entanglements are today investigated in several laboratories around the world, including the already successful teleportation of quantum states. This kind of experimentally proven teleportation may provide a base of telepathy once the population on Earth exceeds 10 billion individuals. Space and time as we experience those actually do not exist for such teleportation processes. The connection of 10 billion human brains and the appearance of telepathy by quantum status teleportation are speculative but in fact possible, as all involved quantum states do have one common origin and, therefore, are linked with each other.

3. You reference and cite people from the Soviet Union and Russian KGB- how are they involved?

The Russian official and friend, Professor Yuri Shankin, Lt.-General of the former KGB, and later chief executive and leading strategic thinker of FAPSI, the Russian Federal Agency for Communication and Information, devised about one decade ago the possible impacts of an upcoming population of more than 10 billion earthlings. I met General Shankin very often in my position as president and CEO of Siemens Russia, after jointly establishing in 1993 a committee with high-ranking members of the Russian government and Siemens executive board of directors that took on responsibility for the development of the Russian digital information and communication network. We discussed in detail the impacts of a human population exceeding 10 billion, in case it should be possible to feed these people and to keep peace. Professor Shankin's revolutionary views and evidences were elaborated for the notorious state security agency with direct reporting line to Russia's president. For Russia's president, this picture is as fascinating as it is frightening and forced him to take serious precautions against the freedom of an unidentified use of voice and data networks and to carefully control the information flow via with sophisticated algorithms and routines. That will impede and may direct the process slightly but cannot stop it.

4. It seems to me that with "heroic medical intervention" that we are keeping more and more children live that in previous centuries would have died in infancy or childhood. Has this impacted our evolution?

This intervention influenced the evolution enormously. The population on Earth increased much faster because of the huge medical progresses during the last century. This is equally valid for birth, infancy and older people. Modern treatment and technologies tremendously increased the chances of survival. This way, Darwin's rule for the survival of the strongest changed considerably, because the mental abilities got much more importance in relation to physical conditions, but not forgetting the famous Latin quotation "mens sana in corpore sano" , meaning that a sound mind is in a healthy body. The social systems of advanced societies contributed as well by supporting the weaker people by the community in order to stabilize such an organization and to give nature a wider arena to do its sophisticated work. Let's not forget that most geniuses have an ordinary family background and that exaggerated aristocracy led on the other side to severe degeneration features, like haemophilia.

5. Certain countries are relatively isolated- say Australia- would their population see any radical changes in the year say 2100?

I lived 3 years "Down Under" and have my own views, but most scientists share these opinions. The continent is predominately inhospitable, because it is the driest one amongst all and hosts the most poisonous animals on earth. These creatures actually have to be that deadly, because one failed attack may set the seal on their own fate, as prey may not often cross their paths. Mentioning these facts, it becomes clear that Australia has only limited resources to cope with an exaggerated increase in population. The growth rate of Australian inhabitants will be further on also subject to immigration and has been recently estimated at 23 million. Most of its population is concentrated in urban areas, expected to exceed 28 million by 2030. I do not expect radical changes of this growth rate until 2100. In case of a global climatic change or any catastrophe that either improves or deteriorates the living conditions in Australia considerably in comparison to the adjacent countries, there definitely will be a mass migration either towards Australia or back to the countries of origin. The same is valid for other relatively isolated countries.

Global social networks and a new kind of embracing human consciousness develop independently and will integrate all continents in the same way, including Australia. All speed of light processes turn every second 7.5 times around the world. That is fast enough to continuously support the global link of human intelligence in real time.

6. There are those who believe that our diets are causing more and more health problems - and that while we may be living longer, we are in less good health than before. Will this impact our evolution?

I am convinced that all proper diets cause health recovery rather than health problems. Prosperity of citizens, unbalanced eating habits, insufficient physical exercise and inadequate information led to overweight all around the globe. Costly pills or esoteric imposition of hands do not help to overcome this problem. Lethargy, caused by overweight, restricts the capabilities and efficiencies of humans and wrong methods of treatment may deteriorate the genotypes and genetic make-up. That may have a negative impact on the next generation and fast evolution of a common consciousness.

Timothy Leary, an American psychologist and writer, approached the issue of a common human consciousness from another dubious perspective. Leary was known for his advocacy of psychedelic drugs, like LSD, and believed LSD showed not only therapeutic potential for use in psychiatry but could even trigger trans-human concepts involving space migration, intelligence increase and life extension. He dreamt about an effective method to trigger an expanded human consciousness across individuals, seeking the solution in the use of LSD. Understandably, President Richard Nixon once described Leary as "the most dangerous man in America". Leary passed away in 1996 and his ashes now cruise on an orbit around Earth. I am convinced that Leary felt something great coming up, but he headed into a wrong direction that impedes the evolution of a common consciousness of humans on Earth.

7. How would this have an impact on developing countries such as Africa or China?

The developing countries of today could be, at least in some areas, leading countries of tomorrow, first and foremost, China, because of its large population and its copying and improvement talents. This has some great advantages. Developed countries became inert with respect to the receptivity to new ideas and concepts. Developing countries could give additional impulses to evolution support mechanisms. The first trans-human consciousness cyborg-technology could well earlier appear in Asia than in the US or in Europe. It definitely will appear within the foreseeable future. An evolution step of trans-human consciousness caused by a natural power factor of 10 billion interacting humans may still need centuries, but it is as feasible as certainly soon coming up human consciousness cyborg-technologies.

8. What steps should policy makers be taking at this juncture?

Policy makers will support such a development, as long as it will be in line with their basic interest to keep and extend their power and influence. The most important step is to strengthen the worldwide community spirit rather than to intentionally destabilize some countries and areas of tension for the sake of welfare in the own country. A trans-human consciousness should be not restricted to military applications but integrate as many as possible. Nature's balance of opposing characters, opinions and interests will find its own way within a global network of linked human consciousness. Nevertheless, intelligent protection and control mechanisms are necessary to avoid misuse and sabotage. Current disputes about the freedom of the internet are very useful to understand the fundamental problems that accompany the development of a much more sophisticated global link of human brains.

9. In earlier interviews you talked about dark energy. Does it somehow affect the evolution?

During the last decades, astronomers and astrophysicists surprised us with the discovery of the huge coverage gap of more than 70 percent of the overall energy density balance in the universe. Physicists tend towards the opinion of the existence of a special energy field or vacuum energy with a constant value. This constant field energy is supposed to accelerate the cosmic expansion and to counteract the gravity of masses. This postulated dark energy increases with an expanding volume of the universe, in other words, the density of dark energy stays constant. Any known type of gas consists of atoms or molecules and behaves another way: Its energy density drops proportionally to the increasing volume. This important difference means that dark energy is expected to dominate our universe more and more. Astrophysicists and quantum physicists tried to elaborate a feasible model for this strange and inexplicable feature of dark energy. From the quantum physicist's view, an empty space may be filled up with interwoven energy fields. These energy fields cannot be registered yet, or at all, but contribute to a basic energy of a vacuum.

Within any physical system we know energy changes its nature in a way that an irreversible part of it is steadily increasing. Scientists call this proven effect the increase of entropy and it became one of the basic principles and natural laws of thermodynamics. However, this principle suddenly becomes completely lost if we introduce a rotational symmetry in Einstein's space-time. The symmetry shows further on an entropy increase in each direction, but the relative decrease of entropy of an opposing direction. This effect has a phenomenally strange influence on the entire space-time construction: The usual reduction of energy density, caused by an inflation of space, turns exactly into the opposite. This relative energy inversion effect does dominantly influence space and time, and, therefore, evolution as well. Extreme time acceleration features of quantum physics can complete Einstein's length contractions, time dilations and space-time curvatures. This way, dark energy gets its own area within space and time, functionally opposing all known forms of energy densities.

10. Thanks a lot for this interview, Dr. Frystacki! It is a great opportunity to inform all interested people about these exciting developments and some astonishing new directions of global scientific research.
]]> tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.1306268 2012-02-28T08:36:03-05:00 2012-04-29T05:12:01-04:00

Henryk Frystacki, Ph.D http://www.huffingtonpost.com/henryk-frystacki-phd/
The charismatic Russian official, Professor Yuri Shankin, Lt.-General of the former KGB, and later highly honored chief executive and leading strategic thinker of FAPSI, the Russian Federal Agency for Communication and Information, devised about one decade ago the dramatic impacts of an upcoming population of more than 10 billion earthlings. I met General Shankin often in my position as president and CEO of Siemens Russia, after jointly establishing in 1993 a committee with high-ranking members of the Russian government and Siemens executive board of directors that took on responsibility for the development of the Russian digital information and communication network. We discussed in detail the impacts of a human population exceeding 10 billion, in case it will be possible to feed these people and to keep peace.

Shankin's revolutionary arguments, elaborated for the state security agency with direct reporting line to Russia's president, starts with the evolution leap that has been caused by the connections of about 10 billion cells that brought out complex life forms on earth, and further connections of 10 billion brain cells for a cerebral cortex, resulting in the development of human consciousness.

Today, our human brains have developed as many neurons as the quantity of the supposed 100 billion stars in our galaxy. Our neural connections even exceed this number by far. Having this in mind, we can easier brave the seeming cosmic infinity around us. Shankin predicted the next evolution leap, once the population on earth exceeds the critical mass of 10 billion. His outlook describes the era of a new group consciousness across all borders of states that has the potential to result in a new kind of world order that is far beyond any of today's imaginations. For the Russian president, this picture is as fascinating as it is frightening.

Shankin's considerations forced the Russian government to take serious precautions against the freedom of an unidentified use of voice and data networks and to control the information flow carefully with sophisticated algorithms and routines. The main target was the detection of intelligently hidden terroristic content and the protection against attacks. The solutions to hide hostile information in digital networks are endless. The megapixels of one lovely family photo could contain precise instructions for a terroristic network or mass exterminations. The Russian government decided to allow the continuous development of a global group consciousness via data networks, such as the internet, as long as it does not affect the integrity of the Russian state, or the Russian community spirit, or the omnipotence of the Russian president.

Sophisticated technical equipment traces suspicious activities inside and also outside of Russia. The same happens in other countries.

New official American attempts of getting hold of internet misuse and unwelcome foreign content are widely known by its abbreviations PIPA, standing for Preventing Real Online Threats to Economic Creativity and Theft of Intellectual Property Act, and SOPA, the Stop Online Piracy Act. In 2011 and 2012, PIPA and SOPA opened a wide arena of controversial public discussions, because of considerable expenses for the necessary network of agents and the holding up bureaucracy impact on existing and future internet business. But misuse and unwelcome content are not the only reasons. Any upcoming uncontrollable group awareness is in the focus, because it actually can lift illusory democracies and dictatorships of its hinges, as recently in Libya and in Egypt.

On 31 October 2011, we officially reached the 7 billion mark of human population, and there are 3 billion more necessary to pass Shankin's reported critical threshold of 10 billion. However, the prerequisite for such a new kind of group consciousness is the efficient integration of such a quantity with revolutionary innovations for a new kind of intelligence, far beyond today's simple applications of the global internet.

At the Technical University of Munich, there were already in the late 70s fascinating studies about a generation of endogenous patterns in the brains of subjects of scientific research. The brains were stimulated by electricity. The subjects reported to perceive exactly the same type of pattern, like various types of circles and squares, independently of their country of origin or language, just depending on the type of electrical stimulation. This experiment showed the possibility to generate simple forms of group consciousness by electronic means with subjects that have nothing in common, neither their culture, nor their language. The link of 10 billion people by more sophisticated intelligence has a huge potential of deep social impacts on mankind.

Despite the technological marvels of engineers, there is a chance that evolution could itself come up with biological communication organs for creatures in the far future. Is this science fiction only? Not at all, if we consider the amazing construction of an electric eel, in scientific language called electrophorus electricus. Despite its name, the electric eel is not related to true eels, but is considered to be a member of the so called neo-tropical knife fish family. This fish can be found in sludgy fresh water, low in oxygen, in northerly and middle South America, along the Amazon and the Orinoco.

It is capable of generating strong electric discharges, which it uses for both hunting and self-defense. Electric eels are astonishingly mainly air-breathers, with 80% of the oxygen taken in by surfacing and only 20% by their gills. The bio-electricity is produced by three abdominal pairs of organs: the Main organ, the Hunter's organ, and the Sachs organ. These three organs consist of reconstructed and lined up muscle-like cells called electrocytes.

The control of electrical current accumulates an electrical charge, giving this dangerous creature the ability to generate either low voltage or high voltage, just like connecting batteries in series or in parallel. Having located its prey, the fish's brain triggers an electrochemical signal and sends it through its nervous system to switch on its electric cells. This allows positively-charged sodium ions to flow through, reversing the charges momentarily. Any sudden difference in electric tension causes an electric current. 5,000 to 6,000 stacked "electroplaques" are then capable of accumulating 0.15 volts each to an electric tension up to 500 volts and 1 ampere of discharge current. The shock could be deadly for an adult human and even horses have been witnessed to drown by paralysis. Signals emitted by the Main organ and Hunter's organ can be modulated at the rates of several hundred Hertz, i.e. several hundred times per second.

Long distance radio communication and the start of an unpredictable common consciousness of a superior species could start for such types of creatures right away, just adding an innovative type of electrical high frequency organ or device. Having this in mind, large group consciousness and telepathy of humans or other life forms seems to be only a question of time:

A dramatic human evolution leap seems to be pre-programmed and may be linked to the number of at least 10 billion people on earth.
]]> tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2011:/theblog//3.1118117 2011-11-30T06:01:29-05:00 2012-01-30T05:12:02-05:00

Henryk Frystacki, Ph.D http://www.huffingtonpost.com/henryk-frystacki-phd/
One main target of the experiments at CERN, however, is the investigation of the big bang process of our universe. Accelerating elementary particles nearly up to the speed of light and shooting those at each other, scientists attempt to reach the ultra-high energy density of the assumed big bang of the universe. One result may be the completion of the physicists' fundamental particle list with a so called "Higgs particle". This postulated Higgs particle provides matter with mass features by broken symmetries of energies and a theoretical mass background field. The scientific confirmation of this assumption is a critical milestone, because if such a theoretical particle will not show up, physicists are forced to dismiss the current standard model of physics and to restart thinking at Galileo's and Newton's historical platforms of fundamental physics.

Another result may be generation of tiny black holes but which are predicted to be unstable and immediately evaporate, although scientists do not have a clue whether dark energy and dark matter may somehow intervene in such a process, particularly since dark energy and dark matter dominate our universe with today's presumed 96% of the total energy. An alternative to the model of broken symmetries is possible if we consider the construction of elementary particles' basically symmetrical and realise that scientists monitor those from an as yet still unspecified asymmetrical observation environment and position in space and time. Einstein's space-time continuum supports such an alternative approach because it is actually asymmetrical, consisting of the three space-dimensions length, width, height and a physically different fourth but equally treated time-dimension. This upside down view could call a Higgs particle into question, explaining the mass feature of matter by changing aspects of an asymmetrically curved space-time environment with perceived segments of acceleration, deceleration and inversion.

New hope to solve those riddles of the universe is currently growing in another exciting research field - high energy laser physics and technologies. A European laser project has just been started to build the by far most intense lasers on Earth. About 40 various research centers and academic institutions in 13 countries of the European Union are participating in this "Extreme Light Infrastructure" project. "ELI" is designed to reveal further secrets of matter and electromagnetism on ultra-short timescales.

The first three sites of ELI will be situated in Prague (Czech Republic), Szeged (Hungary) and Magurele (Romania) and are hopefully operational in 2015. An additional fourth site will be selected next year. The European Community grants for this project exceed 700 million €.

ELI in Prague is designed to focus on beams of compact laser plasma accelerators. In Szeged, ELI will investigate ultra-fast evaluation methods with attosecond intervals. An attosecond is an amazing billionth of a billionth of one second. ELI in Magurele, last not least, will support laser-based nuclear physics. The fourth location will host the most powerful laser, ever built. The laser power is planned to reach for extremely small fractions of a second astonishing 200 Petawatt, which is about 100 000 times the united power of the total electric grid around the world.

Today, the effects of electromagnetism are described in great detail by physicists and widely used in daily life by engineers but the real origins and true nature of electricity and magnetism are still undiscovered. We know that electricity and magnetism are two sides of the same coin although they appear with different features, for example electrostatics of particle charges and magnetic dynamics of the particle spin. Electromagnetism indicates again the asymmetrical observation from an individual location within Einstein's space-time in the sense that one effect appears static and the other dynamic. Any electromagnetic oscillation, like the light beam of a laser or the TV-signal for the satellite dish, appears as a wave or as a particle, just depending on the observation method. This curiosity expresses another unsolved riddle of an asymmetrical perspective and is called "the dualism of wave and particle". Laser photons can be converted into pairs of electrons and positrons, obviously by a rotational process in space-time, shooting those at atomic nuclei. This kind of matter generation is today already state-of-the-art.

The better understanding of electromagnetism at ELI and other research centers will be another important key to elicit secrets from nature. ELI will develop into a serious competitor to CERN with regard to investigations in particle physics, nuclear physics, gravitational physics, nonlinear field theory, ultrahigh pressure physics, astrophysics and cosmology. ]]> tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2011:/theblog//3.1066823 2011-10-31T06:46:32-04:00 2011-12-31T05:12:01-05:00

Henryk Frystacki, Ph.D http://www.huffingtonpost.com/henryk-frystacki-phd/
The expansion of our universe was already noticed by astronomer Hubble long time ago in 1929, forcing Einstein to revise his famous equations about space, time and masses. So what made these new observations so special for the Scandinavian Award Committees? It was actually not the discovery that something inflates the universe, but that it expands with an increasing speed.

The scientists' approach to evaluate this expansion was very smart; the science teams observed special types of so-called Ia supernovae - explosions of aged stars that are as heavy as our sun, but with a size of Earth. They did a great job to discover more than 50 distant supernovae and to register that their light intensity was surprisingly lower than expected (so called redshift), drawing thereof the conclusion that the expansion of the universe was accelerating. Einstein's formulas have been already revised a second time to cope with this new situation.

Two exciting, yet unsolved questions came up: What type of super force or super energy could be capable of pushing entire galaxies away from each other, revolting against the strong and far reaching gravitational forces of huge galactic mass clusters; and what stabilizes these galaxies on top in a way that the outer stars move much faster on stable orbits than Newton's and Einstein's formulas allow?

Some years ago, scientists introduced the term "dark energy" to describe the accelerating expansion and the term "dark matter" to grasp the phenomenon of stable galaxies despite very fast moving remote stars. Dark energy and dark matter add up to astonishing 96% of total energies of our universe, in case the new pictures are balanced against the earlier views of theoretical physicists and subsequent historical discoveries of astrophysicists.

This brings us right back to Einstein's imaginations of space and time, one hundred years ago: Is it possible to enrich his formulations of space, time and masses for the third time to cover the new discoveries as well? Might this revision navigate science finally towards a first solution to combine Heisenberg's and Planck's quantum physics with Einstein's space-time continuum?

The answer seems to be yes, because there is still one peculiarity in Einstein's formulations that has not yet been used in the reflections about an accelerating expansion of the Universe, extensively: Einstein's equating of length and time. Einstein introduced time as an equal fourth dimension to the three space dimensions length, width and height.

Let us now theoretically suppose there are two or more universes overlapping in a simple way that one spatial dimension coincides with Einstein's time dimension of all others, respectively. The result is as astonishing as it is exciting, because what we get are flat, overlapping 2D-spaces around us, utmost difficult to detect, since they have only two spatial dimensions. We could try to assign such flat spaces around us, for example to electromagnetism, in case electromagnetic waves turn out to be flat - and they are in fact flat, as everybody can prove it simply with horizontally and vertically polarized 3D-glasses for 3D-movies. These glasses use the flat 2D-nature of these waves to filter light and to differentiate between information for the right eye and for the left eye. This example proves that such flat spaces around us in fact exist and that they become visible by electromagnetism, just generating turbulences on these coinciding dimensions.

What would happen if the coincidence of Einstein's time progress axis with one spatial dimension of these flat 2D-spaces around us would get slowly lost? The answer is simple: Space of an observer expands with increasing speed at the expense of remaining time reserves for the future. From this point of view these flat spaces around us turn out to be one possible source of dark energy for the accelerating expansion of the universe. Serial space points in time leap into simultaneous points in space.

This is sort of a leakage from a potential future time span to space expansion towards a lower energy state, as the storage of events in time needs additional energy, just like battery charging.

Finally, we could rotate two overlapping flat space dimensions further against each other, until they oppose each other's time progress and space dimensions. We can do this without conflict to any of Einstein's descriptions only if we introduce Planck's proven quantization scheme for length minima and time minima. Below these Planck units time and length do not anymore appear as such. This way we derive a remarkable dark matter effect, accumulating as halos below undisputed Planck units and structuring together with dark energy NASA's confirmed 96 percent of energy processes throughout the universe.
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Henryk Frystacki, Ph.D http://www.huffingtonpost.com/henryk-frystacki-phd/
There are two quite simple explanations for this seeming experimental contradiction to Einstein's limitation of speed of light in a vacuum and his postulate that baryonic matter cannot reach this barrier because of their relativistic mass increase and thus the infinite energy that would be needed.

1) If the experiment is not repeatable, there was a yet unknown error in the evaluation method, as neutrinos do hardly interact with matter and, therefore, are extremely difficult to be detected.

2) In case the experiment is repeatable, the simplest explanation would be that four-dimensional space-time of a vacuum is not purely a geometrical grid as assumed by Einstein, but a peculiar kind of energetic storage medium that just was not captured with classical physics, so far. The known fact about a medium is that certain particles can actually travel faster than speed of light through this medium, causing usually light phenomena that are known as Cherenkov radiation. This Cherenkov Effect is comparable to the sonic boom produced by a supersonic plane. If neutrinos travel exactly at the speed of light, or even above this barrier, they could acquire their extremely small mass by a similar effect, explaining why we do not notice a tremendous relativistic mass increase despite their high relative speed at or very close to speed of light, in contradiction to Einstein's imaginations and equations for baryonic masses.

But how could such a peculiar kind of space-time medium look like? It definitely cannot be the type of ether as assumed by Lorentz and other scientists still during all the years of Einstein's geometrical space-time approach, because speed of light would consequently not be constant for any observer.

This riddle gets a first feasible solution if Einstein's picture of space-time is enriched with quantum mechanical aspects and additionally with a rotary element of the well-known effect of a relativity of simultaneity of events; a sort of quantum energy foam appears this way in the vacuum of space. Einstein did not consider any quantization of time and of length in his special and general theory of relativity because such a limitation at infinitesimal values was not yet discovered and discussed at that time. Neutrinos where not known either. The very first quantum mechanical aspects entered physics only years later in form of Heisenberg's uncertainty principle and Planck's quantization scale.

Since Einstein's era we do know that simultaneous events for an observer in a spaceship along the ship's moving axis will change into sequential events for a remaining observer in case of high relative speed because the speed of light stays constant for both observers and, therefore, causing the so called relativity of simultaneity of events. In case we limit now for example the distance between two simultaneous light flashes at an infinitesimal small minimum value, a remaining observer would read at a certain speed of the spaceship these simultaneous events as sequential events. This has certainly an energetic impact for the remaining observer because Einstein's space-time grid got this way a kind of energy storage effect along his or her timeline for the second flash. This well-known function of Einstein's special theory of relativity can be drawn in a two-dimensional graph with simultaneous events captured on an x-length axis and sequential events captured on a y-time-axis.

Changing now simultaneous events into sequential events according to the proven and undisputed formulas of relativistic mechanics and considering this simple quantization scheme at the low limits of space distance and time progress generates quantized rotary elements within the overall picture. This leads to an extended space-time structure with relative dark energy and dark matter storage areas and to a feasible explanation for the strange nature and behaviour of neutrinos, no matter if they finally move exactly at the speed of light, or closely below, or, completely unexpectedly, even slightly above this level .

Henry Frystacki has a Ph.D. in Applied Physics & Engineering and is a member of the Russian Academy of Technical Sciences, Moscow and external board member of the Institute for Gravitation and Cosmos at Penn State University. He has written Einstein's Ignorance of Dark Energy, available on amazon.com; for more info, visit www.frystacki.de.]]>