President Xi Jinping's state visit has cemented the UK's position as China's "best partner in the West", George Osborne declared as he defended ministers' failure to address human rights and other concerns in public.
The Chancellor said the benefits to Britain of a "mature" relationship with the "great nation" were clear in a series of new commercial deals signed during the stay - though confusion remained about their value.
Three days of red carpet wooing of Mr Xi aimed at fostering a "golden era" of relations with Beijing concluded with the football-mad leader being introduced to star players including Sergio Aguero at Manchester City.
He flew out of the country, with wife Madam Peng Liyuan, from the city's airport where he and David Cameron had unveiled new direct flights to the Chinese capital, operated by Hainan Airlines.
Downing Street issued a list of 36 commercial deals agreed during the visit which appeared to add up to around £34 billion - some way short of the nearly £40 billion trumpeted by Mr Cameron at a business dinner on Wednesday.
Among the biggest were a £6 billion Chinese investment in building two new nuclear reactors at Hinkley Point C, BP's agreement to supply £6.5 billion of liquefied natural gas over 20 years, and £1.56 billion of Rolls Royce aero engines.
Amid questions over the calculations, officials said the total included £6 billion set aside by Chinese investors for future commercialisation of results of an initial £1.5 billion tie up with Oxford University on regenerative medicine research.
Cheering supporters of Mr Xi - apparently partly stage managed by officials - again outnumbered protesters in Manchester demanding action to improve China's record on human rights.
Mr Cameron said he raised Beijing's abuses in private talks with the president, as well as other contentious issues such as the collapse of the UK's steel industry in the face of cheap Chinese imports and alleged "dumping".
The Chancellor rejected claims that the Government has been "kowtowing" to Beijing to secure its investment and had failed - unlike other European countries such as Germany - to discuss contentious issues openly.
"Whether it is long-term projects on nuclear power in the West Country, science in Manchester, manufacturing in Scotland, we've got billions of pounds of Chinese investment creating thousands of jobs in Britain," Mr Osborne told the BBC.
"And we've also now got a relationship where we can discuss difficult issues - whether it is the future of the steel industry, cyber security or indeed human rights - with the Chinese because we are having that dialogue.
"You can see the direct benefits in this country of that conversation: the 250,000 jobs that depend on Chinese investment and our relationship with that great nation.
"I want that to be strengthened so that we have the dialogue, we get the jobs and our economic plan delivers higher living standards for people here.
"We have a mature relationship with China and I think at the end of this week we have cemented that position of being China's best partner in the West precisely because we talk about a whole range of issues."