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Elliot Wilson

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Is Britain's Aid Funding a Political Crackdown in Bangladesh?

Posted: 13/09/2012 10:32

What a few weeks it has been for that Machiavellian matriarch Sheikh Hasina. She swished into London in August to bookmark the Olympic Games (opening and closing ceremony tickets for Bangladesh's premier - no messing around with an either/or scenario).

In between trips to her home in London she found time to meet her key diplomatic allies and financial backers: prime minister David Cameron, foreign secretary William Hague, opposition leader Ed Miliband, and the now former international development secretary, Andrew Mitchell. Never one to shy away from the limelight, Hasina was even afforded the privilege and prestige of a reception at Downing Street.

But while canapés were nibbled in London SW1A, back in Dhaka, Hasina's henchmen were busy disassembling the country's fragile democratic apparatus in the most sustained assault on freedom of speech in the 41 years since independence.

Last month, Bangladesh's supreme leader ordered the arrest of Mir Quasem Ali, a leading member of the Islamist political party Jamaat-e-Islami, who also runs a charitable organisation named after the great Arab polymath Ibn Sina.

Ali's lesser crime is less his political and philosophical ideology, and more the 15 million people he reaches via newspapers like Naya Diganta, part of a Jamaat-owned media group. His greater crime though, it would appear, is his very public criticism of a war crimes tribunal set up by Hasina after her Awami League party rose to power in 2008.

This tribunal, which veers between medieval show trial and outright witch-hunt - and includes inventing witness statements, coaching witnesses, and interfering with judicial appointments - has been denounced by everyone from the United Nations to the United States Ambassador-at-Large for War Crimes Issues Stephen J. Rapp.

Hasina's men love the tribunal, which aims to bring to trial anyone involved in the ghastly events surrounding the Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971, where it is alleged that three million people were killed, and up to 400,000 women were raped. The cause is worthy but, say critics, its underlying motives are purely political. All those so far arrested are opponents of Hasina, many from Jamaat-e-Islami. Happily for Bangladesh's premier, none of those on (show-) trial are from her side of the political fence.

Ali's arrest is merely the latest of a string of concerted attacks on Hasina's opponents, including the intimidation of journalists and a sustained and unpalatable assault on Nobel Peace Prize winner Muhammad Yunus, in an attempt to undermine and nationalise his trailblazing microfinance lender Grameen Bank.

It's strangely sad that this medieval madness is taking place just 5,000 miles away from an Olympic village whose athletes and overseers trumpet the causes of freedom, inclusivity and progress. And its ironic in the extreme that Britain's political leaders should be condoning and even championing a woman bent on denying those very human rights to her people.

But still the bullying continues on the subcontinent. Earlier this month, almost the entire elected membership of the opposition Bangladesh National Party bar its leader was arrested. A litany of charges now awaits the main opposition leader, Khaleda Zia, and her family: Zia charges that these accusations are pure retribution on the part of her political nemesis, Sheikh Hasina.

None of this bodes well for elections next year. In her meeting with Ed Miliband, Hasina stated that "all the future elections in Bangladesh will be held in a complete fair and neutral manner". Few believe that any election in Bangladesh can be either 'free' or 'fair' so long as she retains supreme power. Later, in a BBC interview, Hasina proclaimed that her opposition back home enjoyed every possible political and democratic right.

Perhaps she believes this to be true. Perhaps she believes that her opponents are indeed truly guilty of heinous crimes, while her political cronies and cohorts are above the fray, innocent and pure, garlanded with roses and perfume. Yet if this really is the case, it would seem strange that she is denying any of the accused at the war crimes tribunal access to proper legal representation. Last year, Jamaat-e-Islami's British lawyer Toby Cadman, a respected human rights lawyer practicing at London's 9 Bedford Row International, was detained on arrival in Dhaka Airport, despite his international credentials. Cadman was held for ten hours before being expelled from Bangladesh on the next Dubai-bound plane. His request for a visa to return to Bangladesh to defend his clients have been met with a steely silence. Ironically, during the previous Government when Sheikh Hasina was leader of the opposition, and faced trial herself, her defence team was assisted by the presence of Cherie Booth QC, wife of former PM, Tony Blair.

Hasina's assault on freedom is one that the British government has the financial and political resources to stop - right now. Yet both our government and our opposition are doing precisely nothing to halt events in Dhaka, preferring to stick their fingers in their ears and hold their nose.

The now former International development secretary Mitchell refused to comment on the treatment of Yunus at all - until finally putting pen to paper in a letter of reply addressed to Cadman, published in the September 7 edition of the Daily Telegraph. Meanwhile the UK High Commission in Dhaka refused to condemn the arrest of opposition politicians. The Department for International Development (DFID) and the Foreign Office are complicit in this crackdown on democracy and freedom of expression.

The British Government, through DFID, directly funds Bangladesh to the tune of £250 million a year, and has plans to increase this support to £1 billion over the next three years. This makes the UK the chief funder of its former colony, money that is currently handed over, directly to Hasina's cronies, with no strings or conditions attached.

So what is to be done? Firstly, the British Government must make direct-to-government aid to Bangladesh conditional on freedom of expression. In the last ten years the country has been listed last a total of five times in the annual Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index. But when the British Government is providing funds unconditionally to a country with such fundamental deficiencies, then it is incredulous this comes without strings attached.

Secondly, Britain and others must demand that all trials, whether for war crimes or otherwise, are conducted in accordance with universal standards of due process with full respect to the presumption of innocence, before a tribunal that is impartial and independent of the ruling party.

Finally, the British Government has to acknowledge that its funding modus operandi isn't working. In recent weeks, the UK has withheld aid to Rwanda's leader Paul Kagame, whose administration has been linked to alleged human rights abuses, at home and abroad. In Bangladesh, the government's crackdown against human rights and freedoms are not even alleged - they are plain for all to see.

Few but the most virulent hawks would deny that international aid has its benefits, but the British coalition government is taking its liberal stance on foreign aid funding to the absolute extreme. By channeling billions of pounds of unconditional funding into the maw of a truly noxious foreign leader more interested in witchhunts and her world standing than with promoting and protecting human rights or democracy, Britain is starting to look a complicit and even active part of the awful events unfolding on the subcontinent.

We need to change how we fund not just Bangladesh, but many countries. If a country's leaders use UK taxpayers' money to subjugate their own people in the covert name of political retribution, it is time for us to make a change. Surely people of the intelligence of Cameron, Hague and Miliband should be able, at the very least, to understand this very real pilgrim's progress.

 
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08:07 AM on 10/16/2012
Machiavellian Matriarch sounds interesting and perhaps an apt description on Bangladeshi PM. It also shows us that Jamaat succeeded in having a more effective international PR than Bangladesh's party in power.
08:08 PM on 10/14/2012
Is it Hasina's fault that Jamaat embraced these people as leaders? It would be impossible to even have a trial without arresting Jammat leaders.

If Hasina was trying to suppress political opponents, we would see a lot more controversial arrests, and given the large support base of BNP (head to head with AL), that'd lead to a much bigger hue and cry. So far, no one has been arrested that we haven't always known as war criminals of the highest rank. These aren't small frys trying to save their backs, these were people who decided in cold blood who would live or die and with what amount of torture. The one prominant BNP person arrested (SQ Chow) literally has a mass grave in his backyard in Chittagong.

Sure, let'e have a fair trial. That'd be 100% fairer than what they gave their victims. There's no shortage of first person accounts.

The media in Bangladesh is not really free, but we see a LOT of criticism of the government, rightly so, especially in the matters of corruption, killings by India's border force etc. It's not like there's a blackout. If UK is really concerned about how its aid is being used, talk about the funding and training of Rapid Action Battallion, newspapers are filled with accounts of their extra-judicial killings.
03:10 PM on 09/15/2012
Recently many famous pro-Awami League witnesses were quizzed and admitted that the top accused leaders of the Jamaat Islami were not directly involved in any war crimes!!! And also that the Razakars were a group of people to serve the then Pakistani government which was formed by the then ruling members and chairmans of the unions!! And none of the accused leaders were among the members of the Razakar, as it has been widely circulated by the Pro Awami League media!!! Interestingly many other witnesses who came to the court to witness for the Awamil League's claims were found to be either thieves, robbers, and people who were imprisoned for different crimes!! Not to be forgotten that many other witnesses were only kids and children on less than 10 years during the war - how could it be possible for a minor to understand arson, rape and crimes and be a witness at the national court, that will later produce history?!!?

The wise community of the world should look for answers to these discrepancies in the so called tribunal created by the current Hasina regime! She had been arrogant, and she is still so. She simply wants to see some sort of drama being staged in the name of trial!! Had she really been sincere, why didn't she bring to trial those who were famous for their crimes during the war in 1971??
The questions may be asked, but she will remain adamant!!!
03:10 PM on 09/15/2012
The article shows some of the corruption the current government did and is still involved in. However, the reality could be worse!! The current government, unfortunately, has become extremely unwanted even among their own cronies - the 14 party alliance!! Few days ago, the PM wanted to offer ministry to some senior leaders of her political party, and a leader to the ally; however they both rejected such mockery by the PM with them! Likewise, these are simple examples of the PM's 'game' being played with her responsibility!! The lifestyle has become worse to worst, with excessive increase in the prices of daily needs. A huge sum of money had been pocketed by other cronies of the PM under the quick rental electricity service, which in fact deteriorated the whole power supply system instead of making it better!! The share market had been looted earlier with billions to disappear in minutes!! These highly affect the mass population, and the economic system as well!!

These are simple examples of what a "hell" has the country turned in to under the current Hasina regime!! Now, let's come to the war crimes tribunal. There is no doubt that it had been severely criticised by many international law firms and world reputed lawyers. As mentioned many of the lawyers were not even permitted entry to Bangladesh simply because they criticised the laws!! Does this reflect the sound mentality of the current government??
10:03 PM on 09/14/2012
Mr. Wilson's commentary is to be commended in so far as it concerns the deteriorating circumstances in Bangladesh in terms of democratic rights, freedom of expression, human rights and security for ordinary citizens.

Trying the war criminals of the 1971 war is a worthy cause. But perception is truer than reality and the current efforts appear more politically motivated than real. Not a single Army Officer of the then Pakistan Army is being tried, it is the current Prime Minister who previously formed political alliance with the same very Jamat-e-Islami folks being tried, and the legal process has reportedly been compromised in many ways.

I would hope, however, that Mr. Wilson and others in the west would simultaneously recognize the risks that the extreme religious right pose to the largely secular emerging democracy of Bangladesh. In my humble opinion, the honorable PM of Bangladesh would serve her country better by first improving the current rights and security situation. With such properly placed priority, the lives of today's citizens can be tangibly and enormously improved now in real time, then and only then the lives that were forever lost in 1971 would have proved to be worthwhile sacrifices. The primary purpose of the bloody liberation war was definitely not to punish the then Pakistani regime and their collaborators, it was to win liberty and sanctity of life, in all senses of the terms, for the people of Bangladesh. -- M M Chaudhury, Montreal, Canada
08:55 PM on 09/14/2012
Anyone who follows Michael Dobbs’ coverage of the Yugoslav War Crimes Tribunal, for example, is familiar with comments made against his report claiming “political vendetta” against the Serbs by NATO and other Western powers. This article here is doing the same. Jamaat-i-Islami was the political faction which was the local collaborator to Pakistani military engaged in annihilating whole sections of population – unarmed, non-combatant civilians—women, men and children. This was the “medieval madness” in 1971 in which Mir Qasem Ali, a Jamaati honcho had played a prominent executioner’s role. A kind of Radko Mladic of Bangladesh!

Now Wilson is extolling his virtue as a saint engaging in charitable acts. The newspaper Ali finances is an extreme right-wing mouthpiece of the religion-fascist groups who were opposed to the independence of Bangladesh from the oppressive clutches of the then Pakistan. The present govt. in Bangladesh, put in position by the free and fair election in Dec. 2008, is a coalition of pro-liberation parties. Allegations of war crimes against Mir Quasem Ali had been piled up for ages by various civic groups. They are not spurious. Spewing venom against Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina of Bangladesh leaves no doubt in any reader’s mind that Wilson’s piece is product of Quaem Ali’ deep pocket and is not “investigative” journalism.
08:35 PM on 09/14/2012
I take pride in my ethnic origin and I am proud of the history and culture of Bangladesh. Massacres were committed in 1971 and that perpetrators should be brought to justice. I do not think the author is suggesting that government of Bangladesh would be wrong to seek to bring to justice those who have committed war crimes, crime against humanity and genocide.
However, having read some of the comments which criticises the author, I am rather baffled and to an extent ashamed. The issue that the global community take with the "Trial" in Bangladesh is once of principles and values. A civilised nation must respect the values of natural justice, fairness and equity. If a trial is to take place, the legal framework must be sound, judges must be competent, fair and appointed in a transparent manner. The prosecutors must be fair, competent, just and accountable. The charges must also be framed based on sound evidence as oppose to hearsay. Perpetrators must also be identified in an objective and fair manner and so on. The trouble, as the writer rightly points towards, with the Bangladeshi Government's rule is that Prime Minister, her Ministers and others are already declaring that those accused are guilty of heinous crimes, section of the media are also drawing conclusions already convicting those accused. .....
07:59 PM on 09/14/2012
The blood of Bangladeshis seem cheaper than that of Rwandans, Bosnian, Croats, Cambodians and the Jews. When trial for genocide against these people is justifiably demanded by the west , there is always negative propaganda when Bangladeshis demand the trial of the perpetrators of crime against humanity in 1971. Even in twenty-first century pundits like Elliot Wilson, think that trying the war criminals who had perpetrated the genocide and caused the death of 3 million people is travesty of justice. It is not a dichotomy, while the west clamors to punish Jihadists with drones and occupation, but questions the right of a sovereign government to try the criminals who had massacred people in the name of religion. Sheikh Hasina's government may be accused of many other excesses but the media in Bangladesh is perhaps one of the most vibrant in the world. In the pre-election manifesto AL proposed that if given the mandate they would try the war criminals and people gave them massive mandate.. What made the writer conclude that the trial is medieval farce ? Why so much love for functionaries of a religious extremist party like Jamaat-e-Islami and its terrorist fund funneling NGOs is a mystery. Unless of course they are in reality the strategic assets of the west whose activities in future may pave the way to roil the waters of the Bay of Bengal and justify western presence in the Bay like the erstwhile Mujahedeens of Afghanistan.

Haider
Montreal
05:55 PM on 09/14/2012
The Economist also rebuked this purported Trial of War Crimes as follows

"The chances that the trials will win international recognition appear slim. Initial enthusiasm for them among foreign governments has worn off. Many Western diplomats think the government has taken to using the courts to pursue rivals and enemies—as many say it did when it insisted recently that Muhammad Yunus, a Nobel laureate, should retire as head of Grameen Bank, a microcredit institution. The war-crimes process was supposed to produce a measure of truth and reconciliation. It has taken an inauspicious turn" http://www.economist.com/node/18446875
05:28 PM on 09/14/2012
Pieces of cake is being distributed all over the world. Congratulating the reporter for have a large piece of it.
05:39 PM on 09/14/2012
I asked him sometimes before about it :)
05:42 PM on 09/14/2012
Still they haven't my comment published yet ....
03:43 PM on 09/14/2012
DO SOME RESEARCH before saying the trial a political one. Even Pakistani generals admitted jamaat and their top braces were allied with them in armed crack down. Siddiq Saliks a witness to surrender directly mentioned their leader Ghulam Azam's name, so does books of the mastermind of genocide Niazi, Rao Farman, Irani researcher Reza Sayeeds the vanguard of pakistan also declares the same in a chapter which touches 1971. Even Pakistan's text books have also written that armed volunteer of Jamaati Islami took part agains Bengali Liberation War. Apart from Pakistani references there are numerous amount of articles, clippings by top Jamaati leader themselves in 1971 suggests their involvement in armed stand and genocide against their fellow Bangladeshi people. Being the most powerful party at that time against Bangladeshi liberation war shouldn't it be logical that most of the war criminals will be from Jamaati Islami? Do a simple math. Most political party have their own mouthpiece newspaper here in bangladesh, so do Jamaat and their leaders are involve in managing them. What sort of logic is that, if you run a newspaper and you commit any crime, then arresting you will be against free speech? Get well Mister.

A lot of people died in 1971, a lot of families suffered. We Bangladeshi want justice and here is a chance of getting one PERIOD.
02:51 PM on 09/14/2012
This article is another attempt to bolster morale of Islamic extremists in Bangladesh. Mir Quasem Ali including other Jamaat leaders are accused of committing crimes against humanity 1971. There are hundreds to evidence of showing how Jamat leaders sided with Pakistani military led to the death of millions, thousands women raped, and million evicted to India.

Mir Quasem Ali is alleged by many news sources to spend $25 million dollars for lobbying to get him out of the predicament. This article confirms that money is talking. Very disappointed to see that how the author takes side with alleged perpetrators of War crime while ignoring the sufferings of the victims.
Denouncing Hasina government is different from defending perpetrators of Genocide.
04:44 PM on 09/14/2012
Forgot to mention another thing. Naya Diganta and diganta media group reches 15 million? Are you serious? Please do some fact checking. These medias are not even listed in top 5 most popular dailies. Even if you sum up all the media of Bangladesh, this will not even equal to 15 million. According to Minister of Information Bangladesh, statement on February 2011 at Parliament Nayadiganta has 1,15,200 circulation and sits on the 9th position in the overall standing. A bit lower from your imaginary number eh?

This type of blunt lie by a particular journalist, can jeopardize the whole Huffingtonpost's reputation as a 'Genocide Supportive' and 'War Criminal' friendly. newspaper.
05:52 PM on 09/14/2012
The Daily Naya Diganta News paper has print edition subscription of 2,50,000 (and usually each print edition is vewed by 5-7 people) making it aprox 1,700,000; and on line viewer's are 3 MIllion on a daily basis. Diganta Television has a Bangladeshi viewership of 1.5 Million in Bangladesh. It is widely viewed via Satellite in South Asia, Central Asia, Middle east and Via IPTV in USA, Canada, South America and Euorpe which has an over all Global viewership of 10 Million. So actually 15 Million is a bit modest than actual viewership!!

Politically Naya Diganta Group is known as The Voice of the Opposition in Bangladesh..!! And Mir Quasem Ali is the Founding Chief Executive of the Media Group! He was threatened several times with arrest but he and his Media House Never Backed down!

Lastly, 1971 War Hero Bangabeer Quader Siddiqui Host a Regular Talk Show in Diganta TV. How can War Criminal(??) Mir Quasem Ali alows a War Hero to host??

The Truth is widely know in Bangladesh, Mir Quasem Ali and Other opposition leaders were not arrest for what they did 40 years ago...They were arrested for what they did now..that BIG Crimes is Criticize the Corrupt elected Dictator of Bangladesh Hasina!!
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
NOSHER
02:26 PM on 09/14/2012
why do we ginve money to ythese countries bangladesh has just reported they have passed 50 billion of work through there ports so why
05:03 AM on 09/14/2012
Thank you Mr. Eliot Wilson for unmasking the ugly face of "Bangladeshi Democracy" in a very strong voice. Democratically elected (?) Shaikh Hasina and her deputies tirelessly have been engaged in destroying the political and democratic institutions including wiping out opposition parties, corrupting judicial and executive branches and using government apparatus to establish unjust regime of terror and autocracy. I just got back from Bangladesh last week. Public anger and contempt are boiling against the autocratic regime. Police force and Judiciary have been used to suppress any voice that criticize government. The Hasina government is handling opposition with iron fist. No conscious individual should support such anti public regime. This is a sheer shame for modern democracy and democratic values.
02:37 AM on 09/14/2012
I think we should report this article to the online newspaper regulators (if any) immediately. This article is full of blatant lie and propaganda.
11:13 AM on 09/14/2012
This comment is not from Toby Cadman, this is someone posing as me to try and discredit the article. Of course everyone is entitled to their views but they should post their views in their own names and not try to impersonate others.

Toby Cadman
03:09 PM on 09/14/2012
Is the name 'Toby Cadman' is protected under intellectual property rights law? No one can be the name 'Toby Cadman'.