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Lynne Featherstone

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Moving Towards a World Free From Female Genital Cutting

Posted: 05/02/2013 22:07

Why in this present day does female genital mutilation or cutting (FGC) continue? For far too long it has been an issue that people have tended to shy away from, and in my view, neglected.

But we can no longer shy away. What FGC actually entails is difficult for most of us in the UK to imagine. But to dispel the taboo, we need to talk about the details.

FGC is a cultural practice involving the partial or total removal of the external female genitalia. In its most extreme form the external genitalia are cut out and the girl's vagina sewn up, to be cut open on her wedding night and for each birth. It's commonly done by a village elder or family member - often without anaesthetic or surgical equipment.

The effect can be devastating, causing severe, life-long physical problems and sometimes even death. Yet, according to the World Health Organisation, more than 100 million women - including in the UK - have undergone the practice and an estimated three million girls are at risk each year in Africa alone.

So there's no question that it's a sensitive matter but that's no reason to ignore it, especially when we know what a devastating impact cutting has on women's and girls' physical and mental health, wellbeing and future opportunities.

Today is International Day of Zero Tolerance of Female Genital Cutting and it is an opportunity to highlight what is still a relatively little-known practice.

I believe that with the right support it will be possible to see the elimination of FGC within a generation. Across Africa there is increasing momentum to end FGC. In December, the UN General Assembly passed a resolution banning the practice. This resolution was led by the Africa Group and should encourage us all to support efforts to end FGC. The time is right to act and Senegal is leading the way. In January, 427 Senegalese communities came together for the first ever regional declaration of abandonment not just of FGC but also forced marriage.

The UK is committed to playing its part in supporting these African efforts to end FGC. We are developing a major new regional programme to support efforts to end the practice in many countries across West and East Africa and beyond. In addition in Sudan, which has one of the highest rates of FGC in the world, we are working on a long term programme to support national efforts to end the practice.

But the scale and the nature of FGC is such that UK government action alone will not be enough. As the Government's International Champion on Tackling Violence Against Women and Girls Overseas I want to see FGC recognised internationally as part of the mainstream development agenda and for other countries and donors to be supporting the elimination of this practice.

This is something I will be pushing for in March when I attend the Commission on the Status of Women at the UN in New York. This year's meeting is specifically tackling the issues of violence against women and girls and will be vital in raising the profile of one of the world's most pervasive yet hidden forms of gender-based violence.

Join an online discussion with me today at 12.45pm (UK time) on ending FGC in a generation. The live Google+ Hangout event is taking place with the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), UNICEF, as well as representatives from Senegal, Egypt and Kenya. Send us your questions by leaving comments below, tweeting @DFID_UK using #endFGM or posting questions to the Google+ page.

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Find our more about how UK aid is backing a global wave of change to end female genital cutting.
 

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Why in this present day does female genital mutilation or cutting (FGC) continue? For far too long it has been an issue that people have tended to shy away from, and in my view, neglected. But we ca...
Why in this present day does female genital mutilation or cutting (FGC) continue? For far too long it has been an issue that people have tended to shy away from, and in my view, neglected. But we ca...
 
 
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06:20 PM on 02/20/2013
"The UK is committed to playing its part in supporting these African efforts to end FGC"

What a load of bollocks !!!! Female mutilation goes on unhindered in the Uk by "private" surgeons every day. I tried to make a point on Radio2 one night when they were on about sexual assault on females, not a hope in hell of being broadcast as it was not deemed to be appropriate for the discussion. Part of the BBC`s "don`t talk about the minorities in a bad light mindset." This absolutely disgusted me.
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HilaryBurrage
Yes. Same Hilary Burrage as the HuffPost blogger
12:42 AM on 02/09/2013
If WHO and the United Nations say, as they do, that we should call this act of abuse 'FGM', why should we not do so?
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HilaryBurrage
Yes. Same Hilary Burrage as the HuffPost blogger
12:40 AM on 02/09/2013
Having a discussion between several of us today... WHY are people still calling FGM 'Cutting' in such public fora?

Understand entirely that it may be appropriate within specific communities where individuals have believed they do the right thing, and there's a need to make connection; but HuffPost is not one of those communities.

In ordinary parlance - where in any case the anthropological implications are largely lost through lack of direct experience - this is child abuse plain and simple, i.e. mutilation.

Sometimes I wonder if 'cutting' is used in these public discussions to save blushes.

We are all however grown-up and one of the reasons mainstream safe-guarding professionals have so badly failed these small children is that we're shying away from the realities - grooming, child brides, sex slavery, young (mostly male) sex offenders, abuse - thereby endangering the defenceless.

In all these cases reluctance to call (even recognise) a spade (as) a spade in mainstream dialogue has been a factor in disregarding things which disturb us.

FGM is mutilation, so let's call it that except where there really is a need to be more diplomatic as e.g. in an initial part of the direct educational process.

Isn't it rather condescending, once we all understand what we're talking about - i.e. after the explanations and clear statement that FGM has occurred historically for what seemed at the time compelling reasons - to say that some adults need to have special language?
09:23 PM on 02/07/2013
Exactly.
What about circumcising boys purely for religious reasons????
This is a cruel and unnecessary barbaric ritual.
Stop it now!!
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HilaryBurrage
Yes. Same Hilary Burrage as the HuffPost blogger
09:00 PM on 02/07/2013
Please everybody be sure to sign this e-petition to Stop FGM in Britain: http://epetitions.direct.gov.uk/petitions/35313

It's only by relentlessly keeping the pressure up that what's necessary to eradicate FGM will be done - we must have no more cancelling of roles such as the UK (No)FGM Co-ordinator, which is what the Coalition did a couple of years ago.

It's going to take a lot of national direction and training to ensure that the approx 50 girls at risk every day in Britain can be secure, knowing they will not be damaged.

So far, despite long-established laws, not one single person in Britain has been found guilty of procuring or perpetrating FGM in Britain (or by sending a child abroad for it).

You may find the French approach more realistic: http://hilaryburrage.com/2012/11/28/the-uk-can-learn-from-france-on-fgm-prosecutions/. They recognise, it seems, that words alone are simply not enough.

We need to get really tough on the crime, and really serious about equipping those with safe-keeping responsibilities, so that FGM is no more - and in MUCH less than a generation, please, given that currently over 20,000 children IN THE UK probably undergo this grotesque 'procedure' EVERY YEAR.... How many children is that, over a generation?!

Thanks,
Hilary [ http://hilaryburrage.com/tag/fgm/ ] @NoFGM1
06:01 PM on 02/06/2013
What about MGM nobody seems to be chasing them!!? Culture for some eh?
03:25 PM on 02/06/2013
If a pregnant woman is found to have FGM then any daughters she has should have a yearly medical examination, until they are 18, to ensure they are intact.

If any mutilation is found, both parents should face prison sentences for failure to protect their child.

All registered births that occur outside of hospitals , should require a medical of the mother and child, by a doctor.

This way, every woman with FGM would have their daughters checked yearly, and would understand that both they and their husband were equally responsible for the protection of their daughter.

I have read stories in the past of men who did not want their daughter mutilated, but the mother did it anyway. There is no place for this in this country, but only by yearly checks can we try to eradicate it.
12:50 PM on 02/06/2013
Who are we to dictate what other cultures can and can't do? Yes it's abhorrent, but if these people believe they're doing the right thing then they'll continue to do this regardless of 'our' culture. It's not for our culture to dictate what is right and what is wrong.
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01:21 PM on 02/06/2013
if they want to live in my country ...they live by our laws...........

I'm not forcing them to stay here: they can leave any time they like...............

would you have the same attitude if cannibals from papua new guinnea were to start eating people as part of thier cultural heritage...........WELL WOULD YA ............

MUTILATING CHILDREN IS JUST WRONG.................................END OF........
02:55 PM on 02/06/2013
Circumcision?
01:26 PM on 02/06/2013
Excuse me?
Using this logic you would walk past a man beating his wife in the street as "well if that is what they do in their relationship, that's up to them"
Ignoring things that are wrong is equal to being complicit in them. Now man up and grow a moral compass.
02:00 PM on 02/06/2013
You seem to have misconstrued what I said. I'm not condoning this. I was speaking solely on the cultural standpoint. It's illegal in our country and the people found guilty of this should be reprimanded.
02:56 PM on 02/06/2013
We allow male circumsision!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
12:17 PM on 02/06/2013
Female genital mutilation and Male circumcision are both equally abhorrent. Yet there are few brave enough to challenge the "Tradition" of this abuse.
Why do these practices continue? The answer is simple and needs only two points to be addressed.

When religion is in place of education
When superstition is in place of medicine

Until we are willing to challenge religious practices and to increase real education and until we are willing to confront superstitions and provide real medical advice and services, these appalling practices will continue.
We keep trying to hide the elephant in the room behind the label "cultural practices" when it is at it's heart, religion and superstition that drive these crimes against children.
12:39 PM on 02/06/2013
How can you put the two together, one of my lads had to be circumcised for a minor medical reason, not one women any where has to be cut and abused in this way!
12:48 PM on 02/06/2013
I can put the two together as the overwhelming majority of male circumcision is performed for religious or "cultural" reasons.
Yes there are a small number of medical conditions that require circumcision and as with the amputation of any body part if it is necessary, then it is necessary. There is no problem with circumcision for a genuine medical reason as there is no problem with amputating an arm if that is the only way to improve the health of a patient.
This is not the same as removing a body part for religious or cultural reasons. There are many children and adults that undergo this procedure completely unnecessarily.
This unnecessary surgery is what needs to be stopped.
03:32 PM on 02/06/2013
you may find them equally abhorrent, but their effects on the lives are decidedly unequal.

to say they are equally abhorrent is to confuse ideology with reality. The de sexualisation of a woman who has had her clitoris cut out and her vagina sewn up, is not a similar experience to circumcision, nor does circumcision impact on the lives of those who have had it, in anything like the same way.

To conflate the two risks lessening the horror of FGM, which is dangerous in itself
04:25 PM on 02/06/2013
I agree that male genital mutilation has a lesser impact than that of female genital mutilation. Although the principle is the same. There are some who would argue that type 1a FGM, is no more harmful that male circumcision.
This argument is void as both practices are equally barbaric and and end should be brought to all forced genital mutilation.
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11:18 AM on 02/06/2013
In your efforts to end FGM, will that not intrude on countries' sovereignty and cultural differences
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Philip J Sparrow
When your work speaks for itself, keep quiet
02:15 PM on 02/06/2013
Cultural differences have excused barbarism for too long, and sovereignty is not an absolute right.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Dan Belcher
BNP against the New World Order
03:54 PM on 02/06/2013
Phil, for once I agree
10:26 AM on 02/06/2013
I wish you luck in March. Unfortunately, I think FGC is merely a symptom of a much greater problem which is they way that some cultures still view women. Yes, we need to raise this issue and alert society to to the abhorrent practises that are still carried out, however, until women are globally viewed as equals, practises like this, along with a multitude of other ways in which women suffer not only gender based violence but also outright discrimination, will continue.
12:00 PM on 02/06/2013
Treating the symptoms is just a start- even if it's a half-hearted one that gradually contribute to small changes in people's norms and values that could hopefully lead to a more equal society. I strongly believe that each and everyone of us should contribute towards eliminating such symptoms in inequality: whether you report a colleague for sexual harrassment, whether you bring the issue of forced marriages to your MP or bringing up the issue of FGC to a global meeting. We cannot expect that one day will wake up and everything will be changed. We need to make the change happen.
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ToniChicago
02:35 PM on 02/06/2013
Amen - you took the words out of my mouth. This is a terrible practice but so are honour killings and the fatal rape of a five year old by her father to see if she was a virgin. The famed Islamist preacher Fayhan Al-Ghamdi was fined and will not serve any time in jail for the brutal treatment of his child.
Forcing laws on cultures that view women as less valuable than their cattle isn't going to change minds and hearts. We need to educate the girls to help themselves, which in turn leads their families to see them more as humans and less as chattels. It's a systemic problem and needs systemic answers, however I value the work that everyone is doing to make the world a better place for our girls.
07:18 AM on 02/07/2013
It is also written in Sharia law that there is no retribution for the killing of one's children or one's childrens' children which is also why this guy walked! It is also this law that sees Islamic societies turn a blind eye to honour killings. That Sharia law, written in the 8th century, still stands today is a disgrace. As is the Islamic countries pulling out of the UNDHR - they have rewritten the declaration and named it the Cairo declaration of human rights where every law under the UNDHR must also be compliant with Sharia Law nullifying virtually every human right under the UN Declaration of Human Rights that they signed up to..

Interestingly enough I have just seen a you tube video of Qaradawi of Egypt (one of the top dogs in the Muslim Brotherhood, exiled under Murbarak but now back with his brothers!) admit that if if there was no apostasy law (death for leaving Islam) there would be no Islam.