A museum of horseracing and sporting art that was only opened by the Queen in November will compete against Tate Modern to be named the Art Fund Museum Of The Year 2017.
The London art gallery has been selected as a finalist for the world's largest museum prize alongside The Lapworth Museum of Geology in Birmingham, Sir John Soane's Museum in London, The Hepworth Wakefield in Yorkshire and The National Heritage Centre for Horseracing and Sporting Art.
The winning museum, which will win £100,000, will be announced at a ceremony at the British Museum on July 5.
The other shortlisted museums will receive £10,000 each.
The contenders were announced by Stephen Deuchar, director of Art Fund and chair of the jury, at an event at the British Museum.
The other members of the jury were sculptor Professor Richard Deacon; director of the British Museum Dr Hartwig Fischer; Munira Mirza, Deputy Mayor for Education and Culture of London, and radio DJ Jo Whiley.
Mr Deuchar said: "Each of these museums has had a remarkable year, reaching - in a range of ways - new heights in their efforts to serve and inspire their visitors.
"Whether unveiling new buildings, galleries, displays or public programmes, all the finalists have shown a real commitment to innovation and experimentation, offering fresh perspectives and news ways of seeing and understanding their collections."
The Victoria and Albert Museum won the prize in 2016.