Opposition parties have called for the SNP to rule out another independence referendum after the party lost a swathe of its Westminster seats.
First Minister Nicola Sturgeon has conceded her plans for a second vote were "undoubtedly" a factor as the SNP lost 21 seats and saw its vote drop by 13%.
In a dramatic night in politics, senior nationalists were ousted from the House of Commons - with former first minister Alex Salmond and SNP depute leader Angus Robertson among those who were defeated as the Scottish Tories had their best result in a General Election for more than three decades.
Tory leader Ruth Davidson, who campaigned heavily on opposition to another referendum, called for a second ballot to be ''off the table'', branding the demand ''a massive political miscalculation''.
She welcomed the surge in Tory support across Scotland but noted the party's UK-wide result "fell short of expectations" as she called for the UK Government to pursue ''an open Brexit, not a closed one''.
Labour leader Kezia Dugdale and Liberal Democrat leader Willie Rennie also said plans for another independence referendum must now be scrapped.
Ms Sturgeon said: "Undoubtedly the issue of an independence referendum was a factor in this election result, but I think there were other factors in this election result as well."
Brexit, a late surge in support for UK Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn and tactical voting were some of the other factors Ms Sturgeon cited as having contributed to the result.
The SNP lost seats to the Conservatives, Labour and the Liberal Democrats in the election - with other high-profile casualties including John Nicolson, Mike Weir and Tasmina Ahmed-Sheikh.
The party ended the night with 35 MPs and just under 37% of the vote - a result substantially down on the 50% of the vote they secured in 2015 which gave them 56 MPs.
In contrast, the Tory share of the vote went from 15% to 28% as the party's tally of MPs increased from just one to 13.
Labour and the Liberal Democrats also saw their number of representatives rise, to seven and four respectively.
Deputy First Minister John Swinney has already said plans for a second referendum were a "significant motivator" which lost the SNP support, adding the party would "have to be attentive to that".
Ms Sturgeon said: "We will reflect on these results, we will listen to voters and we will consider very carefully the best way forward for Scotland, a way forward that is in the interests of all of Scotland."
However, on her referendum plans, she added she would not "rush to judgments or to decisions".
With the Tories having lost their majority, she said the SNP would "work with others, if it is at all possible, to keep the Tories out of government".
She went on to criticise Theresa May, who called a snap election in a bid to boost her party's slender majority at Westminster - a gamble which spectacularly backfired on the Conservative leader.
The Prime Minister had now "lost all authority and credibility", Ms Sturgeon said.
She added: "The damage the Tories have done to the stability and the reputation of the UK cannot be overstated.
"In less than a year they have caused chaos on an industrial scale."
Ms Sturgeon said the "reckless Tory pursuit of a hard Brexit must be abandoned" as she appealed to other parties to keep the UK in the European single market.
Ms Davidson said: "SNP MPs who last night lost their seats have paid the price for what was a massive political miscalculation on Nicola Sturgeon's part.
"This morning, we have heard SNP figures acknowledge that the referendum demands were behind its bad result.
''We have heard the First Minister say she will 'reflect' on the matter. I'm afraid that's not enough."
She added: "She must take it off the table."
With Mrs May seeking to form a government with help from the DUP, Ms Davidson added: "The Prime Minister has made it clear it is her duty to get on with the job in hand and I support all efforts to do so.
''But just as the SNP must listen to the result on the independence referendum, we also have to listen to voters who did not give the UK Conservative Party the mandate we sought."
Ms Davidson said the UK Government must "seek to deliver an open Brexit, not a closed one, which puts our country's economic growth first.''
Ms Dugdale said of Ms Sturgeon: ''The one thing I would ask her to do is to shelve her plans for a second independence referendum."
She said the PM's decision to call a snap poll had backfired.
"Theresa May has gambled and lost spectacularly, and she should now resign as prime minister - and Ruth Davidson should tell her that," she added.
Mr Rennie said a vote should be held in Holyrood to ''sist, delay and stop'' another referendum in the current parliamentary term.