David Cameron shared a lunch of German sausage and potato with British troops as he questioned them about the capabilities of their Afghan counterparts.
In a visit to the headquarters of Task Force Helmand in Lashkar Gah, Cameron also asked troops about the protection new vehicles are offering from roadside bombs.
"Do you feel now that if you did roll over an IED, the vehicle would be more robust?" he asked Lance Corporal Simon Howells, 28, of the Welsh Guards, from Dinas-Powys.
Sergeant Neville Haye, 36, of the King's Royal Hussars, told Cameron that Afghan soldiers had learned "professionalism" from their British colleagues.
"They are very capable, we are working with them on a daily basis, shoulder to shoulder," Sgt Haye, of Whitehaven, Cumbria, said.
Cameron visited a Forward Operating Base (FOB) with troops from the Welsh Guards
"They are starting to do their own operations, we are taking a back seat, staying back and offering them tactical help and advising them."
At the smaller Forward Operating Base Shawqat, in Nad-e-Ali, Cameron toured troops' tented accommodation and shared German sausage and potato with soldiers.
The base borders a bustling bazaar which did not exist on his last visit two years ago amid fierce combat.
Troops praised their Afghan counterparts over a drink with the PM at the base's store and cafe - decked out in British flags and bunting from Diamond Jubilee celebrations.
Company Sergeant Major Nathan Love, 37, said he told the PM: "Their soldiers are no different to ours, they are a little bit lazy compared to ours, but they can go out and fight, they can go on one knee. They are more than happy to go forward and push the Taliban back."