Top 20 Food And Drink Innovations (PICTURES, POLL) | HuffPost Life

Top 20 Food And Drink Innovations

The Huffington Post UK

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Nowadays we're blessed with more culinary devices than we can shake a French stick at.

And while some of them can be deemed rather excessive and unnecessary - cue banana slicers and salad spinners - there are many that have proved invaluable to the way we live today and it'd be a crime for them to go for granted.

The Royal Society (the national academy of science, in case you're wondering) has named the fridge, pasteurised milk, and the tin can as the three most significant inventions in the history of food and drink. These relatively modern innovations outscored more ancient inventions including the fishing net, the plough, and the cork.

The announcement is the outcome of a project which saw a steering group of Royal Society Fellows –including a Nobel Prize Winner – reduce a list of approximately 100 innovations down to just 20, chaired by Royal Society Treasurer Sir Peter Williams FRS. The shortlist was then voted on by Fellows of the Society and experts in the food and drink industry who judged each innovation on four criteria: accessibility, productivity, aesthetics, and health.

Top 20 Innovations In Food History

20. Frying(01 of20)

The practice of frying food in oil or fat is thought to have been invented by the ancient Egyptians around 2500 B.C. (credit:Alamy)

19. Microwave Oven(02 of20)

The microwave was invented by Dr. Percy Spencer, who drew on radar technology invented during World War II. It was first sold commercially in 1947. (credit:Alamy)

18. The Barrel(03 of20)

The Celts likely were the first to create a barrel similar to the ones we recognize today. Wooden staves were encircled by bands of iron and closed on both ends with flat wood caps. (credit:Getty)

17. The Cork(04 of20)

Up until 1650, French vintners didn't use corks -- they used oil-soaked rags. (credit:Alamy)

16. Eating Utensils(05 of20)

Utensils have been used in various forms for centuries. The fork, for instance, gained a place at tables in Middle Eastern royal courts by the 7th century. (credit:Alamy)

15. The Knife(06 of20)

Although knives have been around since prehistoric times, it's only relatively recently in human history that specialized knives designed for specific uses in the kitchen came into existence. (credit:Alamy)

14. The Pot(07 of20)

Pots have been around so long it's difficult to tell when they were first appeared in human history. The earliest may have been made of clay or stone, and today metal pots are most commonly produced commercially. (credit:Alamy)

13. Crop Rotation(08 of20)

Throughout history, humans have employed the practice of cultivating a succession of different crops in a specific order on a single field. (credit:Creative Commons)

12. Fishing Net(09 of20)

The oldest surviving fishing net, made of willow, dates to 8300 B.C. in Antrea, Finland. (credit:Getty)

11. Fermentation(10 of20)

Fermentation is a chemical process harnessed in the production of wine, beer and other products. Humans have been fermenting foodstuffs for thousands of years, but the processes at play weren't understood until the 17th century. (credit:Alamy)

10. The Plough(11 of20)

The plow is often credited as the most important agricultural implement since the beginning of history. The mechanism, which has evolved considerably since Roman times, turns and breaks up soil to bury crop residues and control weeds. (credit:Alamy)

9. Grinding/milling(12 of20)

Watermills were first invented by the Greeks to grind grain, reducing the amount of human labor necessary for the task. (credit:Creative Commons)

8. Selective Breeding/Strains(13 of20)

Selective breeding, the process of breeding plants and animals for particular traits, was first explained in Charles Darwin's "Origin of Species," though there's evidence it's been practiced for thousands of years. (credit:Alamy)

7. Baking(14 of20)

Egyptians are credited with the first intentional use of leavening, and were making bread with nearly-modern methods by 2600 B.C. (credit:Alamy)

6. Combine Harvester(15 of20)

American farmer and inventor Hiram Moore invented the combine harvester in 1834. The early versions were pulled by a horse or mule. It's so named because it combines three separate operations: reaping, threshing, and winnowing. (credit:Alamy)

5. Irrigation(16 of20)

In 6000 B.C., irrigation began roughly at the same time Egypt and Mesopotamia. Waters from the flooded Nile, Tigres and Euphrates would be diverted for 40 to 60 days, then drained back into the river at the right moment in crops' growing cycle. (credit:Alamy)

4. The Oven(17 of20)

Ovens have been around longer than some might suspect, going back perhaps thousands of years. The first written record of an oven being built dates to 1490 in France. (credit:Alamy)

3. Canning(18 of20)

The process of preserving food in an airtight container was originally conceived early in the Napoleonic Wars, when the French government offered cash prize of 12,000 francs to any inventor who could develop a cheap way to preserve large amounts of food for its army. Confectioner and brewer Nicolas Appert won the prize in 1810 after more than a decade of experimenting with corked-glass containers reinforced with wire and sealing wax, which he kept in boiling water for various lengths of time. (credit:Alamy)

2. Pasteurization/Sterilization(19 of20)

French chemist Louis Pasteur is credited with developing the modern concept of pasteurization, originally intended to keep beer and wine from going bad. The process involves heating food, usually a liquid, to a certain temperature for an amount of time and then immediately cooling it, which deters microbial growth. (credit:Alamy)

1. Refrigeration(20 of20)

The world's first patented refrigerator was created by Jacob Perkins in 1834, but it wasn't until 1913 that refrigerators were made for use at home. (credit:Alamy)

The top three result from Anglo-French scientific successes in the 18th and 19th centuries: Artificial refrigeration was first demonstrated in Glasgow in 1748 and then produced commercially in 1805; the first pasteurisation test was completed in France in 1862; and a British merchant patented the tin can in 1810 (although a year earlier a Frenchman applied a similar process with glass jars and cork).

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Commenting on the findings, Sir Peter Williams said: “Royal Society Fellows have played vital roles in improving people’s lives for 350 years and science has a major role to play in meeting the global challenges of the 21st century.

"We thought it appropriate to look at how that innovation has shaped what we eat and drink. The poll reveals the huge role science and innovation have played in improving our health and our lives. This is something to which the scientific community continues to add.”

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