Two Transplant Patients Die After Receiving Infected Kidneys From The Same Alcoholic Donor

Two Men Die After Receiving Alcoholic's Kidney In Transplant
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Two transplant patients tragically died after receiving kidney transplants from the same alcoholic donor, which other hospitals had previously turned down.

An inquest into the deaths of Robert Stuart, 67, from Cardiff, and Darren Hughes, 42, from Bridgend, found that the kidneys had been infected with a deadly parasitic worm, halcephalobus, which a pathologist believes came from their organ donor.

The pair underwent transplants at the University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, last year.

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Both Mr Stuart and Mr Hughes died days apart and lab tests later showed they had been infected with the deadly parasitic worm. There have only been five previous cases of the parasite in humans - all of which have proved fatal.

Cardiff Coroner's Court was told a post-mortem had not been carried out on the 39-year-old alcoholic organ donor from Manchester - who doctors said had died from a suspected viral infection.

Despite this, seven hospitals still rejected to use the alcoholic's other organs for transplant including units in Leeds, Newcastle, Glasgow, and Sheffield.

Relatives of the deceased said they would not have given their consent for the operation to go ahead had they known more.

Mr Hughes' father Ian said he was shocked after finding out the kidney had come from an alcoholic - thinking it had come from a healthy man who had died in a car crash.

He said: "The first time we knew anything was wrong was after Darren's death. We were later told the donor was an alcoholic who had cirrhosis of the liver.

"If I had known what his lifestyle was, I would not have signed the consent form."

Mr Hughes said following his son's death he had a meeting with health officials and said he was told that "other hospitals had rejected" the donors' organs - including heart, eyes and lungs - because they had deemed them "unfit for transplant".

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13 Things You Need To Know About Kidneys
They're Smaller Than You Think (01 of13)
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Each of your kidneys is just the size of your fist, which means that two small organs — or just one, in some people — have to do a lot of work to keep your body free of toxins and dangerous buildup of waste products. (credit:Shutterstock)
You Can Live With One Kidney (02 of13)
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Some people are born with just one kidney; the single organ usually becomes slightly larger to compensate for its missing partner, and people with one kidney can be just as healthy as those with two. Other people have one kidney because of disease or injury to the other, or because they've been a living kidney donor. (credit:Shutterstock)
The Causes Of Kidney Disease (03 of13)
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Diabetes, high blood pressure, and artery hardening are the most common causes of kidney disease. Other possible causes are nephritis, or inflammation of the kidneys. Others are related to your genes. Because what we call "kidney disease" is actually many different diseases or conditions, there are many different possible causes. (credit:Shutterstock)
Symptoms Of Kidney Disease (04 of13)
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It's important to know the symptoms of kidney disease, because it can be threatening to your overall health. They include: puffy eyes, hands, and feet (edema); fatigue; shortness of breath; loss of appetite; nausea and vomiting; thirst; persistently itchy skin; weight loss; and a yellowish-brown tint to the skin.However, mild to moderate kidney disease may not have any obvious symptoms. (credit:Shutterstock)
What If Your Kidneys Are Working Too Hard?(05 of13)
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"When our kidneys are overloaded, we might end up with kidney stones or infections of the urinary tract or bladder," Vakharia says. If those problems sound familiar, you might want to try some of the tips given here in order to ramp up your kidney help somewhat. Always consult with a trusted physician before you make any changes to medicine or start taking supplements. (credit:Shutterstock)
Stay Hydrated (06 of13)
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"To support our kidneys, the first and more important step is to ensure that you are drinking a healthy amount of water," Vakharia says. "Staying hydrated is key to help rid the body of toxins and harmful bacteria."What are some signs you should up your water intake? Get a few extra glasses if your urine is dark yellow or if you're suffering from fatigue and headaches. (credit:Shutterstock)
Get Your Greens(07 of13)
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Vakharia advises adding bitter greens like dandelion and parsley in your diet, and their diuretic functions can help keep things moving through your kidneys and the rest of your body. "These foods and herbs also help to clean the blood," she says, "so that there are fewer irritants that need to be filtered by the kidneys." Dandelion greens are the leaves of those pesky yellow-flowered weeds, but trying to save money by harvesting from your front yard isn't necessarily a good idea. If you plan to eat dandelion weeds that grow wild on your property, or that you grow yourself, first make sure you aren't using any potentially harmful chemicals and have the soil tested to make sure it's safe to grow edibles. (credit:Shutterstock)
Try Uva Ursi (08 of13)
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Uva what? "Uva ursi is an herb that has protective factors for the kidneys and also helps in the prevention and treatment of urinary tract infections and bladder infections," Vakharia says. Talk to your health professional before using uva ursi, as it can cause problems for some people, and never give it to children. (credit:Shutterstock)
And Add Some 'Vitamin' D(09 of13)
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"D-mannoseis a simple sugar that helps to prevent UTI-causing bacteria from adhering to the walls of the bladder," Vakharia says. It appears to be mostly safe for general use, but there is some evidence it can make blood-sugar control more difficult for diabetics and it hasn't been well studied in pregnant or breastfeeding women. (credit:Shutterstock)
Limit Booze And Caffeine (10 of13)
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Caffeine and alcohol are both associated with a higher risk of kidney stones — if you are particularly prone to them, you may want to limit or avoid both of those substances. (credit:Shutterstock)
Cut Animal Protein (11 of13)
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If you tend to get kidney stones, reducing the amount of animal foods in your diet could be a smart move, Vakharia says. "A diet high in animal proteins leads to urine high in calcium and uric acid, which can result in kidney stone formation," she advised (credit:Shutterstock)
Watch Your Salt Intake(12 of13)
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The National Kidney Disease Education Program in the U.S. recommends keeping your daily sodium intake to less than 1,500 milligrams daily, in order to help control your blood pressure. Just one fast-food meal can easily go over this limit, so check nutritional info for your favourite restaurants and take-out spots and read packaging when you're grocery shopping. (credit:Shutterstock)
Eat Heart Healthy (13 of13)
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Because circulatory health and kidney health are so tied together, choosing foods that are good for your heart can be good for your kidneys too. Focus on fresh foods, avoid too much saturated fat, bake or broil your food instead of frying, and eat lots of fruits and vegetables and moderate amounts of animal protein. (credit:Shutterstock)

At the hearing, representatives for UHW suggested to Mr Hughes senior that a surgeon had told him that the donor had died from a brain infection, which was low risk and could be treated with antibiotics.

He replied: "That's not true."

Mr Stuart's widow Judith said she had been surprised at how quickly her husband had been offered a new kidney after two false starts.

"He coped very well on dialysis," she told the inquest. "He would have been happy to stay on it for the rest of his life.

"He was in surprising good health and the nurses on the transplant ward would joke saying: 'what are you doing here? You're in far too good health. You shouldn't be here'."

She also disputed accusations her husband had been told some details about the donor's alcoholism shortly before going under anaesthetic.

"Even if this conversation (in the operating theatre) did happen I do not think he would have been aware (what was going on)," she added.

Both men died in mid December 2013. For father-of-three Mr Hughes, it was his third transplant, while it was Mr Stuart's first.

Initial tests after their deaths proved inconclusive, but histopathologist Dr Fauod Alchami later found both men's brains were swollen - a finding in keeping with meningoencephalitis a form of meningitis.

He said on the "balance of probabilities", the parasitic worms found in the men came via their donated kidney.

Dr Alchami added neither Mr Hughes or Mr Stuart had any links with horses - where the parasites are sometimes found - nor any links with each other.

He also said this was the first ever known case of human-to-human transmission involving halcephalobus.

UHW specialist transplant nurse Dawn Chapman told the hearing the donor organs had been offered to hospitals under a so-called fast track scheme.

She said the kidneys were initially deemed as having "poor function" - something which was not out of the ordinary given that other organs can go on and regenerate in a recipient.

Ms Chapman said the fact other hospitals had declined the offer of the organs had only come to light following the men's deaths.

She added that changes had since been made where surgeons can find out whether organs they may use for transplants have been turned down by other hospitals.

The inquest continues.