Stroke Survivors 'Can Lose A Month Of Healthy Life Due To Clot-Buster Delay', Research Says

How A 15-Minute Delay Can Affect Stroke Victims
|

Eliminating the delays of clot-busting drug reception can be life changing for stroke survivors, according to new research, as for every 15-minute delay they can lose a month of healthy life.

Experts found that cutting the time it takes for people to receive the drug by just one minute leads to at least one one less day of disability for those suffering a stroke.

They examined the role of plasminogen activator (tPA), which is commonly known in the UK as alteplase.

Open Image Modal

Alteplase is a drug for people who have suffered an acute ischaemic stroke - which account for 80% of all strokes.

These strokes happen because of a blockage in an artery and are different to strokes caused by a bleed in the brain.

Guidance from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (Nice) in 2012 said alteplase - a "thrombolytic" drug - was an effective treatment for dissolving blood clots and should be given as soon as possible to those suffering an acute ischaemic stroke.

It warned that the drug should be given no more than 4.5 hours after stroke symptoms begin.

Story continues below the slideshow:

Know The Warning Signs Of A Stroke
Severe Headaches(01 of09)
Open Image Modal
Sudden severe headaches could be a sign of a stroke, according to the National Stroke Association. (credit:Alamy)
Difficulty Walking(02 of09)
Open Image Modal
Having "trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination" are all signs of a stroke, according to the National Stroke Association. (credit:Shutterstock)
Trouble Seeing(03 of09)
Open Image Modal
Is the person having difficulty seeing in one or both eyes? This is one of the symptoms of a stroke, according to the National Stroke Association. (credit:Shutterstock)
Confusion(04 of09)
Open Image Modal
"Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or understanding," are all signs of a stroke, according to the National Stroke Association. (credit:Shutterstock)
Numbness(05 of09)
Open Image Modal
One-sided numbness of the face, arms or could be a sign of a stroke, according to the National Stroke Association. (credit:Shutterstock)
Remember FAST(06 of09)
Open Image Modal
The National Stroke Association also recommends you get familiar with the acronym FAST.F is for face. When you ask the person to smile, does their face droop? This is one of the a warning signs of a stroke, according to the National Stroke Association. (credit:Alamy)
Remember FAST(07 of09)
Open Image Modal
A is for arms. When you ask the person to raise up both arms, does one droop? This is a warning sign of a stroke, according to the National Stroke Association. (credit:Alamy)
Remember FAST(08 of09)
Open Image Modal
S is for speech. "Ask the person to repeat a simple phrase," advises the National Stroke Association. "Is their speech slurred or strange?" (credit:Alamy)
Remember FAST(09 of09)
Open Image Modal
T is for time. Time is of the essence if you observe any of these warning signs, according to the National Stroke Association. Call 911 immediately. (credit:Alamy)

Today's research, published in the journal Stroke, from the American Heart Association, found that reducing delays by just a few minutes could lead to big gains in terms of healthy living.

Researchers found that people who were aged 80 and had suffered a severe stroke could get half a day of healthy living extra for every minute of reduced delay in getting treatment.

Those the same age with a mild stroke could enjoy almost a full extra day while those aged about 50 with a mild stroke would gain almost six extra days.

The researchers, including from the University of Melbourne, said that across the entire sample of more than 2,200 people "each 15 minute decrease in treatment delay provided an average equivalent of one month of additional disability-free life."

They concluded: "Realistically achievable small reductions in stroke thrombolysis delays would result in significant and robust average health benefits over patients' lifetimes."

Dr Atte Meretoja, lead author of the study and associate professor of neurology at the University of Melbourne, said: "'Save a minute, save a day' is the message from our study, which examined how even small reductions in treatment delays might benefit patients measurably in the long run.

"Clot-busting treatment works equally well, irrespective of race, ethnicity or gender.

"Speedy restoration of blood flow to the brain is crucial for brain cell survival everywhere."

He said the world's fastest stroke services in Helsinki, Finland and Melbourne, Australia, take an average of 20 minutes from hospital arrival to start of treatment.

Meanwhile, most American, Australian and European hospitals take 70 to 80 minutes, he said.

Figures for England suggest that three-quarters of patients eligible for clot-busting drugs receive them.

Data for July to September 2013 shows that it took an average of two hours and 25 minutes for people to receive the drugs from the onset of their symptoms.

Seven foods that lower stroke risk:

Foods That Lower Stroke Risk
Chocolate(01 of07)
Open Image Modal
A Swedish study in the journal Neurology showed that eating chocolate is linked with a lower risk of stroke in men. The study, which included 37,103 men, showed that men who ate the most chocolate in the 10-year study had a 17 percent lower risk of stroke, compared with those who didn't report eating any chocolate during that time period. (credit:Alamy)
Whole Grains(02 of07)
Open Image Modal
Eating lots of whole grains could help to lower risk of ischemic stroke for women, according to a study in the Journal of the American Medical Association. The findings showed that women who ate the most whole grains in the study (like the amount you'd get by eating two or three whole grain bread slices every day) had a 30 to 40 percent lower stroke risk, compared with women who ate the fewest whole grains in the study (like the amount you'd get by eating just a half-slice of whole grain bread every day), according to ABC News. (credit:Alamy)
Citrus Fruits(03 of07)
Open Image Modal
An antioxidant found in citrus fruits could help to lower risk of stroke in women, according to a study of 70,000 women earlier this year in the journal Stroke. Researchers from Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital found that women who consumed the most flavonoids over a 14-year period had a 19 percent lower risk of stroke than the women who consumed the fewest flavonoids during that time period. (credit:Alamy)
Antioxidants(04 of07)
Open Image Modal
While antioxidants aren't exactly a food on their own, fruits, vegetables and whole grains that are rich in them are linked with a lower stroke risk for women. Research published in the journal Stroke: Journal of the American Heart Association showed that women with no heart disease history who consumed the most antioxidants from food had a 17 percent lower risk of stroke, and women with a heart disease history who consumed the most antioxidants from food had a 57 percent decreased risk of hemorrhagic stroke. The researchers, from the Karolinska Institute in Sweden, speculated that the protection comes from antioxidants' ability to stop inflammation and oxidative stress in the body by neutralizing harmful free radicals. Antioxidants can also help to reduce blood clots and lower blood pressure and decrease inflammation, according to the American Heart Association. (credit:Alamy)
Low-Fat Dairy (05 of07)
Open Image Modal
Consuming low-fat dairy could help to lower the risk of stroke, according to a Stroke study. The research showed that the adults who consumed the most low-fat dairy over a 10-year period had a 12 percent lower risk of stroke compared with those who consumed the least low-fat dairy over the time period. "It is possible that vitamin D in low-fat dairy foods may explain, in part, the observed lowered risk of stroke in this study because of its potential effect on blood pressure," study researcher Susanna Larsson, Ph.D., associate professor of nutritional epidemiology at the Karolinska Institutet, said in a statement. (credit:Alamy)
Magnesium-Rich Foods (06 of07)
Open Image Modal
Foods loaded with magnesium -- like beans, nuts leafy greens and whole grains -- are linked with a lower risk of ischemic stroke, WebMD Reported. The findings, published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, showed specifically that for each 100 milligrams of magnesium consumed each day, ischemic stroke risk went down by 9 percent. (credit:Alamy)
Fish(07 of07)
Open Image Modal
Making sure to eat some fish every week could help to lower risk of stroke, according to a review of studies published in the journal Stroke. Reuters reported on the study, which showed that eating fish several times a week was linked with a lower risk of stroke, compared with non-fish eaters. "I think overall, fish does provide a beneficial package of nutrients, in particular the omega-3s, that could explain this lower risk," Dariush Mozaffarian, an epidemiologist at the Harvard School of Public Health, whose research was part of the Stroke analysis, told Reuters. (credit:Alamy)

The typical time it took from a patient arriving at hospital to receiving the drugs was 59 minutes.

Dr Shamim Quadir, research communications manager at the Stroke Association, said: "These findings suggest that just a minute saved in delivering clot-busting drugs could add almost two days of healthy living to stroke patients' lives.

"In England, Wales and Northern Ireland, it currently takes an average 59 minutes for stroke patients to receive clot-busting treatment.

"However, a much faster average response time (of about 29 minutes) is achieved by stroke services at the Royal London Hospital, while stroke services in Helsinki, Finland, and Melbourne, Australia, have an average response time of 20 to 25 minutes.

"If our national average response time could be improved by 40 minutes, we could significantly reduce the level of disability for stroke survivors.

"This research highlights the message that time lost is brain lost. When someone has a stroke it is vital that they get to a specialist stroke unit as soon as possible.

"We believe that every step on the road to recovery from stroke matters - and that journey should begin when you call 999."