The Paleo Diet Isn't Really The Diet Of Our Ancestors, Says Leading Anthropologist

Leading Anthropologist Says The Paleo Diet Isn't Actually Real
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From celebrities such as Miley Cyrus and Matthew McConaughey to our best mates and hairdressers, it seems like everyone has tried out the Paleo diet.

For those uninitiated, the diet - nicknamed the caveman diet - is a nutritional plan based on the presumed diet of Paleolithic people. It categorises food under three groups: foods to eat liberally, foods to eat in moderation and foods to avoid.

Followers are required to avoid dairy, grains, pulses, sweeteners and processed foods all together.

But a leading anthropologist has now said the core principles of the diet are flawed. The Paleolithic wouldn't have eaten the Paleo diet as we know it.

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According to Ken Sayers, a human evolution expert from Georgia State University, cavemen would have eaten some of the banned foods.

Diets 2.6 million years ago would have varied from location to location, with humans eating whatever food they could find to gain the highest amount of energy with the minimum amount of effort.

“Hominids didn’t spread first across Africa, and then the entire globe, by utilizing just one foraging strategy or sticking to a precise mix of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats,” he wrote on The Conversation. “We did it by being ever so flexible, both socially and ecologically.”

Speaking to HuffPost UK Lifestyle, British Dietetic Association spokesperson Duane Mellor confirms that early humans would have eaten "what was available".

"They would definitely not have followed any rules to avoid certain food groups like dairy or gluten, if they were available they would have been eaten," he adds.

"The key message and perhaps a caution, is our ancestors would have evolved and adapted to any and all food that would have been available, today the availability and reliability of our food supply means it is increasingly easy to over-consume especially highly palatable processed foods high in fats and sugar."

Mellor says some aspects of the Paleo diet, such as eating more fresh foods and a variety of fruit and vegetables, is sensible.

"However, promoting a belief that such a diet was based on strict exclusion-based rules, is a myth and potentially harmful as it could promote disordered patterns of eating," he says.

Nutritional Therapist Karen Poole points out that the Paleo diet leads people to reduce carbohydrates, potential allergens, trans/hydrogenated fats and added salt, so on the surface it could help limit the risk of heart disease, diabetes and obesity.

"However, I wonder how it would work in the long-term as a sustainable diet," she previously told Sport and Fitness.

"Over time a reliance on meat and fish protein could run the risk of raising your acidic ph levels that may bring a whole host of health implications such as low immunity, impaired digestion and fatigue."

It seems that moderation is key for people attempting to lose weight in a healthy way. Some aspects of Paleo may be beneficial, but some may not.

The important thing is to speak to your GP and find a diet that works well for you, regardless of whether or not it worked for your ancestors.

What You Can And Can't Eat On The Paleo Diet
Part One: What To Eat Liberally(01 of31)
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(credit:albert mollon via Getty Images)
Meat and poultry (02 of31)
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Emphasise beef and lamb or mutton, but also pork, chicken, turkey, duck, goat and wild game such as venison, ostrich, and so on. Organic and free range is always preferable. (credit:Michael Phillips via Getty Images)
Organ meats(03 of31)
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Liver is the most nutrient dense food on the planet, rich in vitamin A, iron and all the essential amino acids. (credit:beyhan yazar via Getty Images)
Broth bone soups(04 of31)
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It's essential to balance your intake of muscle meats and organ meats with home-made bone broths. (credit:BWFolsom via Getty Images)
Fish (05 of31)
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Especially oil fish such as salmon, sardines, mackerel, anchovies and herring. Wild is preferable. (credit:GMVozd via Getty Images)
Eggs(06 of31)
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Preferably free-range and organic. (credit:Image Source via Getty Images)
Starchy plants (07 of31)
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Yams, sweet potatoes, topioca, yuca, tarco, lotus root, plantains, breadfruit, celeriac and parsnip. (credit:MandiJubenville via Getty Images)
Non starchy vegetables (08 of31)
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Either cooked or raw. (credit:Chris Stein via Getty Images)
Fermented vegetables and fruit (09 of31)
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Sauerkraut, kimchi, beetroot kvass, coconut kefir and so on. (credit:David Murray via Getty Images)
Traditional fats (10 of31)
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Coconut oil, red palm oil, palm kernel oil, macadamia oil, lard (rendered from free-range pigs if possible), duck fat, beef tallow (from free-range cattle if possible) and olive oil (preferably extra virgin). (credit:HeikeRau via Getty Images)
Olives, avocados, coconuts (11 of31)
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(credit:Tetra Images via Getty Images)
Sea salt and spices(12 of31)
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(credit:Arisara_Tongdonnoi via Getty Images)
Part Two: What To Eat In Moderation(13 of31)
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(credit:Diane Diederich via Getty Images)
Processed meat(14 of31)
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Two to four servings a week is fine. (credit:MIXA via Getty Images)
Whole fruit (15 of31)
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Up to four servings per day, depending on your blood sugar balance and the type of fruit. Choose a variety of colours. (credit:Gregor Schuster via Getty Images)
Nuts and seeds(16 of31)
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Allowed nuts include almonds, Brazil nuts, cashew nuts, hazelnuts, macadamia nuts, pecan nuts, pine nuts, pistachio nuts and walnuts. (credit:Jon Boyes via Getty Images)
Green beans, sugar snap peas and mangetout (17 of31)
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Although technically legumes, these are usually well tolerated. (credit:John E. Kelly via Getty Images)
Coffee and black tea(18 of31)
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All teas and coffee are permitted. (credit:MakiEni's photo via Getty Images)
Vinegar (19 of31)
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Cider vinegar is especially well tolerated. (credit:Brian Macdonald via Getty Images)
Restaurant food(20 of31)
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(credit:michellealbert via Getty Images)
Stage Three: What To Avoid Completely(21 of31)
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(credit:Richard Clark via Getty Images)
Dairy(22 of31)
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Including ghee, butter, cheese, yoghurt, milk, cream and dairy product that comes from a cow, goat or other mammal. (credit:Riou via Getty Images)
Grains(23 of31)
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Including wheat, rice, cereal, oats, or any pseudo grains and non-gluten grains. In other words no bread, pasta cereal or pizza. (credit:harpazo_hope via Getty Images)
Pulses(24 of31)
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Including beans of all kind. (credit:Martin Poole via Getty Images)
Sweeteners (25 of31)
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Whether real or artificial. (credit:Zeljko Santrac via Getty Images)
Chocolate Milk(26 of31)
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Chocolate milk contains both dairy and sugar and should be avoided for that reason. (credit:Judy Unger via Getty Images)
Processed food (27 of31)
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As a general rule, if it comes in a bag or box don't eat it. (credit:Lester Lefkowitz via Getty Images)
Industrial seeds and vegetable oil (28 of31)
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Soya, corn, sunflower, rapeseed, peanut, cottonseed and so on (credit:Maximilian Stock Ltd. via Getty Images)
Fizzy drinks(29 of31)
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Including diet drinks, as well as fruit juice , in all forms, including 'natural' brands. (credit:rez-art via Getty Images)
Alcohol (30 of31)
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In any form during the reset period. (credit:Franklin Kappa via Getty Images)
Processed sauces and seasonings (31 of31)
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Soy sauce, tamari and other processed seasonings and sauces (which often include sugar, soya, gluten or all of the above.) (credit:Steve Brown Photography via Getty Images)