Walt Disney(01 of10)
Open Image Modal•He was a founding member of an anti-communist group called Motion Picture Alliance for the Preservation of American Ideals•In 1941, producer Walt Disney took out an ad in Variety, the industry trade magazine, declaring his conviction that "Communist agitation" was behind a cartoonists and animators' strike•Disney himself outed and testified against those he thought were communists in front of the HUAC (House Un-American Activities Committee)
Hedda Hopper (played in the film by Helen Mirren)(02 of10)
Open Image Modal•"Hedda Hopper's Hollywood’ column first appeared in the prestigious Los Angeles Times on 14th February 1938, she had previously been a successful actress•Her column was notorious and she used her column to speak out about anyone who threatened American values •Her column was hugely influential in getting people blacklisted and investigated by the HUAC•Her frequent attacks against Charlie Chaplin in the 1940s for various reasons, including his politics and love life purportedly contributed to his being denied a permission to re-enter the United States after a sojourn to Europe in 1952.
Ronald Reagan(03 of10)
Open Image Modal•The House Committee on Un-American Activities opened its hearings with appearances from Walt Disney and Ronald Reagan who was then the president of the Screen Actors Guild•Jane Wyman, then Reagan’s wife, stated in her biography that Reagan’s accusations of friends and colleagues being communists caused tension in their marriage, later leading to divorce
Kirk Douglas(04 of10)
Open Image Modal•Kirk Douglas was one of the first people to openly hire Trumbo to help him write the film 'Spartacus'•He gave full credit (on screen) To Trumbo when the film was released, effectively ending the black list which was stopping many people in Hollywood from working•He commented “I’ve made over 85 pictures, but the thing I’m most proud of is breaking the blacklist.”
Charlie Chaplin(05 of10)
Open Image Modal•Although never fully linked with the Communist party Charlie associated with a number of prominent American Communists and political activists.•When Chaplin left the United States to visit Europe in 1952, efforts were made to revoke his re-entry visa due to his links with the Communist party
Humphrey Bogart (here with wife Lauren Bacall)(06 of10)
Open Image Modal•Several leading Hollywood figures, including actor Humphrey Bogart, organized the Committee for the First Amendment to protest against the government's targeting of the film industry and its anti-communist stance•However, he bowed under pressure from his studio, Warner Brothers who wanted him to distance himself from the Hollywood Ten and any communist allies. Bogart negotiated a statement that did not denounce the committee he had helped form, but said that his trip was "ill-advised, even foolish".
Jean Muir(07 of10)
Open Image Modal•Jean Muir was the first performer to lose employment because of a listing in Red Channels (The Red Channels were a Report of Communist Influence in Radio and Television. It was an anti-Communist tract published in the United States at the start of the Red Scare. Issued by the right-wing journal Counterattack on June 22, 1950, the pamphlet-style book names 151 actors, writers, musicians, broadcast journalists, and others in the context of purported Communist manipulation of the entertainment industry)•In 1950 Muir was named as a Communist sympathiser in the pamphlet, and was immediately removed from the cast of the television sitcom 'The Aldrich Family', in which she had been cast as Mrs. Aldrich. •NBC had received between 20 and 30 phone calls protesting her being in the show. General Motors, the sponsor, said that it would not sponsor programs in which "controversial persons" were featured
Alfred Hitchcock(08 of10)
Open Image Modal•The initial cracks in the entertainment industry blacklist were evident on television, specifically at CBS. In 1957, blacklisted actor Norman Lloyd was hired by Alfred Hitchcock as an associate producer for his anthology series 'Alfred Hitchcock Presents'
Otto Preminger (on left, talking to Peter O'Toole)(09 of10)
Open Image Modal•On January 20, 1960, director Otto Preminger publicly announced that Dalton Trumbo, one of the best known members of the Hollywood Ten, was the screenwriter of his forthcoming film 'Exodus'
Dalton Trumbo(10 of10)
Open Image Modal•American screenwriter who scripted films including 'Roman Holiday', 'Exodus', 'Spartacus', 'The Brave One'•He was part of the Hollywood Ten, he refused to testify before HUAC in 1947 and was blacklisted by the industry as well as being sent to jail for 11 months•He worked under many pseudonyms over the years on the blacklist and two of his uncredited works 'Roman Holiday' and 'The Brave One' won Academy Awards•The 1960 public crediting of him as the writer of 'Exodus' and 'Spartacus' marked the end of the Hollywood blacklist